lIAMH/rON SCIlvNTlI'lC ASSOCIATION 59 



The term tubercle was used iis a descriptive anatomical 

 term to desij^nale an\' small morbid mass irrespective of its 

 nature and was witlu>ut special significance. 



Wasting', no matter whether it was a S3'mptom of disease 

 of the lung (jr of anj' other part of the body, was designated 

 phthisis, and from this confusion of nomenclature con- 

 sequently originated the teims " idithisis ])ulmonum," 

 " phthisis renum," plithisis intestinales," etc., which weie in 

 general and approved use until the end of the sixteenth 

 century. Galen himself had no knowledge of phthisis as a 

 distinct entity, and not until a somewhat later period d<; we 

 find phthisis of the lung regarded as a special and distinct 

 disease. 



The peculiar little masses or tubercles then Ixcanie 

 recognized as standing in very close relation to the more 

 destructive processes, and the term tubercle had a special and 

 restrictive meaning attached to it. 



Morton, in 1689, taught that the tubercle was the 

 pathological evidence of phthisis of the lung, and from this as 

 a foundation emanated all the subsequent theories of the 

 disease. Monget described similar tubercles in other organs, 

 but his observations were forgotten, anii nothing resulted 

 until at the end of 100 years BaiUie revived interest in the 

 subject once more, but fell also into erroneous conclusions by 

 distinguishing nodular from diffuse lesions regarding the 

 later as separate and distinct from tubercle and of a different 

 nature. The cheesy and ca.seous matter, resulting from the 

 breaking down of these, he called scrofulous material on 

 account of its resemblance to enlarged lymi)hatic glands 

 known as scrofulous. 



Bayle, in 1810, was the first to recognize the connection 

 between the disease known as " phthisis" in the lung and 

 tubercular disease in other parts of the body, and to look 

 upon the two as one and the same process. 



He referred its origin to a peculiar diathesis, which he 

 called the tubercular or scrofulous, and although regarding 

 consumption of the lungs, as we understand it to Vje, as a 



