280 National Geographic Magazme. 
many names are entirely altered by the misplacement of this 
“stress.” 
7. Every letter is pronounced. When two vowels come to- 
gether, each one is sounded, though the result, when spoken 
quickly, is sometimes scarcely to be distinguished from a single 
sound, as in @, au, et. 
8. Indian names are accepted as spelt in Hunter’s Gazetteer. 
The amplification of the rules is given below :— 
Letters. | Pronunciation and Remarks. | Examples. 
= ieee ee aes of et SSE | : 
a ah,aasin Chinen eee RS _ Java, Banana, Somali, Bari. 
2 eh, Gas In DENeiGas ye eee ee Tel-el-Kebir, Oléleh, Yezo, 
Medina, Levika, Peru. 
i English e; 7as in ravine; the sound 
| of ee in beet Thus, not Feejee, but Fiji, Hindi. 
Oo jo asin mote.---- be YO kaos 
u ‘long was in fate : the sound of 00m 
boot. - _ Thus, not Zooloo, but|/Zulu, Sumatra. 
All vowels are shortened in sound by Yarra, Tanna, Mecca, Jidda, 
doubling the following consonant. _ Bonny. 
Doubling of a vowel is only necessary Nuultia, Oosima. 
where 4 there is a distinct repetition 
of the single sound. 
ai English i asin ice .. Poe Miles a 4 Shanghai. 
au owasinhow_Thus, not Foochow, but Fuchau, 
ao. is slightly differ ent from above — - ‘Macao. 
ei jis the sound ofthe two Italian vowels, Beir ut, Beilal. 
| but is frequently slurredover, when 
lSitieis scarcely to be distinguished 
from ey in the English they. 
English ¢ b. | 
is always soft, but is so nearly the Celebes. 
| sound of s that it should be seldom 
used. 
If Celebes were notalready recog nized| 
it would be written Selebes. | 
ch is always soft as in church __.------ Chingchin. 
d English d. 
f English f. phshould not be used for 
| the sountof f_Thus, not Haiphong, 
but Haifong, Nafa. 
g isalwayshard. (Softgis given by j)- Galapagos. 
h is always pronounced when inserted. 
j English 7. Dj should never’ be put Japan, Jinchuen, 
for this sound. 
k English k&. It should always be put 
for the hard e. Thus, not Corea, but Korea. 
kh |The Oriental guttural |... -.- __-|Khan. 
gh is another euttur al, asin n the Turkish Dagh, Ghazi. 
1 
oon 
mn | ae in English. 
ng hastwo separate sounds, the one har a 
as in the English word finger, the 
other as in singer. As these two. 
sounds are rarely employed in the 
same locality, no attempt is made 
| to distinguish between them. | 
