SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS. 81 



7. TJiat all dividons and multip/es of the Cosmic Day be hioion as Cosmic 

 Time. 



8. 7'hat the Cosmic Day be divided into hours, numbered in a single series, one 

 to twenty-four (\ to 24), and that the hours be sub-divided, as ordinary hours, 

 into jninuts and seconds. Note. — As an alternative means of distinguishing the 

 Cosmic hours from the hours in local reckonings, they may be denoted by the letters 

 of the alphabet, ivhich, omitting I and V, are twentg-four in number. 



9. Tluit until Cosmic Time be admitted as the recognized means of reckoning 

 in the ordinary affairs of life, it is advisable to assimilate the system to present 

 usages, and to provide for the easy iran.Hlation of local reckonings into Cosmic 

 Time, and vice versa ; that, therefore, in theory, and as closely as possible in prac- 

 tice, local reckonings be based on a knoivn interval in advance or behind Cosmic 

 Time. 



10. That the surface of the globe be divided by twenty^four equi-distant Hour- 

 meridians, corresponding with the hours of the Cosmic Day. 



11. That, as far as piracticable, the several Hour-meridians be taken according 

 to the longitude of the locality, to regulate local reckonings, in a manner similar 

 to the system in use throughout North America. 



12. That in all cases where an Hour -meridian is adopted as the standard for 

 regulating local reckonings in a particular section or district, the civil day shall 

 be held to commence twelve hours before, and end twelve hours after, the mean 

 solar passage of such Hour Meridian. 



13. That the civil day, based, on the Prime Meridian of Greenivich, shall coin- 

 cide and be otie with the Cosmic Day. That civil days on meridians east of 

 Greenwich shall be {according to the longitude) a known number of hours, or hours 

 and minutes, in advance of Cosmic Time, and to the loest of Greenwich the con- 

 trary. 



14. That the surface of the globe being divided by twenty-four equi-distant 

 taeridians (fifteen degrees apart) corresponding with the hours of the Cosmic Day, 

 it is advisable that longitude be reckoned according to these Hour. meridians. 



15. That divisions of longitude less than an hour (fifteen degrees) be reckoned 

 in minutes and seconds and parts of seconds. 



16. That longitude be reckoned continuously towards the west, beginning with 

 zero at the Anti-prime Meridian, ttvelve hours from Greemvich. 



17. That longitude generally be denoted by the same terms as those ap)plied to 

 Cosmic Time. 



I submit these recommendations suggestively, and without any desire unduly 

 to press them. I shall be content if the leading principles laid down be 

 recognized by the Conference. 



With regard to the more immediate question, I have come to the firm con- 

 viction that extreme simplicity of reckoning and corresponding benefits would 

 result if Longitude be notated in the same manner, and denoted by the same 

 terms, as Universal Time. If, therefore, the Conference adopts the motion of 

 the distinguished Delegate of the United States, Avhich, I apprehend, is 

 designed to cause as little change as possible in the practices of sea-faring 

 men, I trust the claims of other imiDortant interests will not be overlooked. 1 

 refer to all those interests so deeply concerned in securing accurate time on 

 land, and in having easy means provided for translating any one local reckon- 

 ing into any other local reckoning, or into the Standard Universal Time. In 

 this view I trust the Conference will give some expression of opinion in favour 

 of extending around the globe the system of Hour-meridians which has proved 

 so advantageous in North America. In an educational aspect alone it seems 

 to me important that the Hour-meridians, one to twenty-four, numbered from 

 the Anti-prime Meridian continuously toward the west, should be conspicu- 

 ously marked on our maps and charts. 



