ETRUKIA CAPTA. 155 



chamholin, a player on the tambourine. The three words hister, 

 ludio, an actor or player, and Indus, a play, appear to have been forms 

 of hitz, speech, and elhe, discourse, similar to elhatari, a fine talker. 

 There is no present form hitztari. Laena, a woollen cloak, contains 

 the Basque ille, wool.^^ Lanista, which according to Isidore meant 

 carnifex in Etruscan, is probably derived from iltzen, to kill. How- 

 ever, if it mean gladiator or warrior, it may connect with the Etrus- 

 can name for Hercules, which has been read Hercur, Heficthse, but 

 which I read Lanetu-chipido and Lanetu-uchimonone ; the essential 

 word Lanetu being the Basque lanthu, to work, labour, in allusion 

 doubtless to the labours of Hercules. Aesar, a god, should be Aitor, 

 the divine hero of the Basques. ^^ The name of Jupicer on the Etrus- 

 can pateree, which has been read Tina or Tine, should be read Gouk- 



22 Prom ille comes ilain, wool merchant. M. Van Eys suggests as its derivation ille egin, to 

 make wool, not exactly the work of a wool merchant. But some such form as ilain may fitly 

 have signified in ancient times "made of wool." Laena is one of the glosses furnished by 

 Festus. 



23 Other glosses I submit with some hesitation. According to Hesychius, Boreas was antas 

 in Etruscan. In Basque ipar is the north wind, and aiee wind in general. There is a Basque 

 verb hant, hantu, with the French signification enfler, but whether enfler is to be taken m the 

 ■signification of blow as well as of pufif and swell, I do not know. The Etruscan arse verse is 

 made to mean averte ignem. The present Basque word for " eouvrir le feu " is izark, of which 

 the etymology seems unknown. Arse may be an old form of errauts, cinders, the first element 

 in which is the verb erre, to burn ; and verse, the original of barreatu, harreatzen, to disperse, 

 scatter. The latter word is identical in meaning with the Japanese harasu. Agaletora, which 

 Hesychius translates " child," I take to be not puer, but infans. The word does not exist, so 

 far as I know, in modern Basque, but its constituents do. These are the verbal adjective 

 ichilla, silent, and tar, now rarely used save as " suffixe de I'ethnique," as in Burgostaria, an 

 inhabitant of Burgos. Yet it appears in anai-tar, fraternal, from anai, brother. Ichillatar 

 would thus be the exact equivalent of the Latin infans. The Etruscan months, m the general 

 character of their names, agree with those of the Basques. Velitanus or Velcitanus, March, 

 may correspond with the Basque epailla, the initial e not being radical ; Ampiles, May, is more 

 like Ilbeltz, January ; Aclus, June may survive in baguilla, the Basque name of that month, 

 but Is more like hacilla, November, or ceceilla, February. Coelius, September, has also a form 

 like ceceilla. Isaneus, July, is in Basque uztailla; and Brmius, August, is more like uri-ia, 

 October. Drima, a gloss of Hesychius, is made equivalent to the Greek apx'?, which some 

 Etruscologists have translated as the Latin principium, others as the English " sovereignty." 

 I am disposed to render the Greek by the equally allowable " origin, source," and to find its 

 equivalent in the Basque iturri, source, and jatorri, origin. Balteus, a sword-belt, one of 

 Varro's glosses, is probably a compound of ubal, a strap or belt, abal, liabela, a sling. M. Van 

 Eys says : "Bst-ce que ubal et ahal ne seraient pas des variantes du meme mot dont la signifi- 

 cation primitive etait courroie?" Initial vowels in Basque are not necessarily radical. See 

 my paper on the Khitan Languages, Proceedings Canad. Inst., 1884, Vol. II., Fas. 2, p. 163, 

 rule 2, a. Palandum (falando, Deecke), coeluiii cannot be the sky, which is zeru in Basque, but 

 may denote the celestial powers or gods, and be a form of Alindun, he who has power or 

 dominion. Alin instead of al appears in the Eugubine tables and on the cippus of Perusia as 

 the word for dominion. Aldun, pMis«a?ii, literally " who has power," is the modern Basque 

 •form. The initial/ is thus, of course, unaccounted for. It is worthy of note that b, g, d and 

 o, letters denied to the Etruscan alphabet, appear in these glosses. 



