184 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



In this inscription the word, and, is reduced from hasa to sa. 

 The mopila is the same as mopira of 469, and means 8, so that 

 m,ojnla sa morano is eighteenth. Mopila has no resemblance to the 

 present Basque word for 8, which is zortzi, but its original shines 

 out from among the varying Lesghiau forms, meiba, hitlno, betclna, 

 and the Mizjejian bar, barl. It may have meant, two from ten. As 

 for the other numbers, mo2n, two, is the present Basque bi with a 

 pi'efix. Were it not to introduce a new subject open to question, it 

 would be easy to show the original Etruscan numerals in those of 

 the Dacotahs, whose 2 is nopa, nomjKi. Four, which is nora in 

 Etruscan, survives in Basque as laur. Such a change is not 

 uncommon, for nariu &.r).d larru, lahar and nahar, ultze and untze, 

 are the same words. One, is pM?io or alpivio. In Basque bat is 

 one, but in composition it becomes ban. Final m hardly exists 

 in Basque. Three, saragi, has already been considered. Five 

 is mirago, and this is very likely the original of the Basque bortz, 

 bost. It is the Koriak viyllanga, and, on this continent, the 

 Sonor.a mariki and Pujuni markum."^ Six, siu in Etruscan, is sei in 



AL/IAN • AENALECLEN • CELA • IVOINEM ■ ALENALETM 

 agiuza uraiio larakaraclnkarasa moiiila samorano • 



arsa baraka banekarasauezizaiieka zinesara ubiinauganeao basanekarasaneuno 

 Basque, agiuza aur no Lanikarachi sortze mopila sa morano 



urte berek hane Karasane zazu neke Zinsara ubi uiai ganaino epaitzeu Karasane huno 

 offering child of Larnkaraclii natus eight and tenth 



year his ; unite Karasane do ye Zinsara grave tablet towards cut Karasane this. 



I have omitted the translation of 7ieke, as it makes no sense, "do ye be unable (neke) to join 

 Karasane." I think the word should be EN A, negar, "do ye add your tears to those of 

 Karasane." On the so-called Midas and Kelokes monuments of Phrygia, and on some Piotish 

 tombs, negar occurs as well as in Etruscan. The woixl hane, more fully banetu, is the Etruscan 

 equivalent of the Basque hatu. As pimo meant one, pimotu would be the original verb to 

 unite, to make one. This must have fallen to banetu, and Knally to batu. It is interesting to 

 observe the analogy of the Choctaw, which I have elsewhere called American Basque. Its 

 present word for one is achuffa, a word having no visible relation to the old language ; but 

 hano means only, alone, and banochih is the verb, to reduce to unity. But the Choctaw also 

 has bat, meaning only, alone, exactly reproducing the Basque bat, one. The verb epaitzen is 

 more properly ebakitzen, to cut. 



69 My friendly critic thinks mirago and bortz irreconcilable. The original Khitan name for 

 five was the hand with its five extremities. This appears best in the Koriak of Siberia, which 

 has mingilen, iningilgin, mylgalgen and mynnagylgen for hand, and myllygen, millgin, myllanga, 

 myllangu and minlanka for 5. The Aztec shows but a distant connection, hand being maitl, 

 and 5 macuil. In the Sonora dialects, which Buschmanu has classed with the Aztec, 6 is 

 mariki, marqui, maliki, and in Pujuni we have the form markum. These correspond as to 

 consonants with the Etruscan inirago, but in regard to the first syllable the Etruscan word is 

 nearer the Koriak millgin. Let mirago be iiiarago or morgo: an interchange of labials common 

 in Basque as in all languages makes it harago, borgo, which if not bortz is a step on the way 

 to it. As far back as the time when the Song of Lelo, the oldest Basque production extant, 



