210 PKOCEEDINGS OP THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



57. FEL • YINM ■ AP • LVNCIAL • CLAN 

 aginza kuukano artu aspikaclii iirasa chisaraka 

 aginza Goijaiin artu azpiko che aurketsu zazu erruki 

 oflfering Jainko receive servant even homage have compassion 

 High Lord, receive the offering ; have compassion for the homage of 

 thine unworthy servant. ^"^ 



The following have topographical connections : 



102. ADNO • APNYLE 



FESGV • ALSNAL • CLA 



artukamo artukakusane 



aginnochipi rasalakarasa chisara 



artugomu artugogotzen 



Aginno-chipi Rusella sortze zazu erruki 



Memorial to hnld in memory 



Aginno the little (Agimio's little one) Rusellis natus; have sympathy 



In this inscription the full form of the verb gogotzen, now 

 gogoratzen, appeal's. This is also the Japanese kokoro-su, with the 

 same meaning. Rasala is more probably Rusellae in Etruria than 

 a woman's name. The formula zazu erruki is deficient in the last 

 syllable. 



107. AO • LAPCNA • YVYNAL 



erama zaratu Chikara kupiku karasa 

 erama zarratu Chikara Kupiku sortze . 

 bears writing Chikara Kupego natus. 



I do not know what city the Etruscans called Kupego.^''^ The 

 name appears on the coins in Lanzi, Vol. II., plate ii., and has been 



The verb ikiisi, to see, follows zazu erruki, and must be translated seeing. The Etruscan 

 must have been read kusa, kuso, kusu, rather than kusi. The regular form of the auxiliaiy 

 zx(,en ajDpears instead of the common VS benu. 



102 No. 57 is amended, according to Fabretti, by the omission of P, which in Lanzi intervenes 

 between the second and third groups. 



103 Some difficulty will be found in identifying names of places as they occur on the monu- 

 ments, for they certainly must have been other than those given by the Romans if the Etrus- 

 cans were an Iberian people If clan be an Etruscan word, such also may Clusium be. But 

 Clusium is not Iberian, nor Plorentia, nor Trossulura, Caletra, Valsinii. In the Eugubine 

 Tables Luna is Luni, and Volaterrae has no t nor any connection with the Latin terra : it is 

 Baulaherri. Arretium is Aretigi or Aretiag, and the tinal nia of Vetulonia and Pojiulonia 

 appears to be no part of the original. There is no evidence that the Etruscans had the letter 

 V, as in Vulsinii, Volaterrae, Vetulonia. Some places in Etruria mentioned by Pliny (H. N., III., 

 8) bore Latin names, translations of the originals, such as Castrum Novum, No\eni Pagi, Hor- 

 tanum, Lucus Peroni«, &c. It is hard to say how far this process of disguising may have 

 gone on. A similar process of transformation is taking effect in our own Northwest, where 

 Indian names are translated into such uneuphonious English terms as Moose Jaw, Pile of Bones, 

 Medicine Hat. But for this process, as applied by the Romans, a study of Etruscan topo- 

 graphical names would long since have evidenced the Iberian origin of the people of Etruria. 



