228 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



5. PAMNEMI/lAAlllABENNA/lEP ^^^ 

 turano kaneno ubararamira ulne kakara banetu 

 Turano ganaiuo obi ra eramira Alin kakara banetu 

 Tyrrhenia towards grave to cause to see Dominion states united 



6. XII • FELOINAOVPAMAPAM/IE122 



xii aginsa mau karamapi turano ratura no bane 

 12 aginza mai ekarri ambe Turano ardura no bane- 



12 offering tablet to bring great Tyrrhenia care of uni- 



7. DAMCEmVLmLESCVLtVCIEN i^s 



turano chine mipisa misane nochipisa ichpi chi oneka 

 -tu ra aintzin imi Pisa imi ezan nauche Pisa ichpichio ne ki 

 -on to warning places Pisa place refuse he myself does Pisa contri- 

 bution I 



'21 Line 5. Turano ganaiito : the Greco- Latin form Tyrrheni, and the Umbrian form Tarsiu-ater 

 indicate that the Etruscan word was Turaan rather than Turano. It is very probable that the 

 word is the same as that Turan which has given a designation to the greater part of the liuman 

 race, tlie Turanians. In his history of the reign of Feridun, Mirlihond, the Persian historian> 

 sets forth Turan as embracing Chin, Machin and all tlie lands of Turkestan, that is, the coun- 

 tries north and north-east of Persia. Sadik Isfahan!, in a geograjjhical treatise, says that 

 Turan extends from the Oxus to the extremity of the east, and northwards to the regions of 

 darkness. The name Turan did not designate any one people, but was applied generically to 

 many allied tribes or nations. The same word is probably found in dncna, a gloss of Hesy- 

 chius, who makes it equivalent to the Greek arche. Mr. John Eraser, in his " An Etrusci 

 Celtae?" appropriately compares this word with the Tyrrhenian name and with the Greek 

 turannos. The latter word has been derived from koiranos, but it is very probable that the 

 Greeks picked it up in Asia Minor from the Hittite aborigines. The derivation of druna I have 

 already suggested as being from the Basque iturri, source, fountain head. The Etruscans were 

 the western Turan. The compound ijostposition ganaino, in Etruscan ganeno or ganean, now 

 means as far as, but in Etruscan seems to have meant simply towards. 



ohi ra eramira : obi has appeared already (Left Side, 1-4), and ra needs no explanation. For 

 eramira see Left Side, 13-16. 



Alin kakara banetu XII., the 12 united states of the Dominion. The modern word for power, 

 dominion, is almen, and this I have found in a Celtiberian inscription. In Etruria alin takes 

 its place. Then follow the lost kakara, state or states, and banetu, united, the equivalent of 

 the Basque batu. These 12 united states constituted ono Turaan, good Tyrrhenia. 



J22 Line 6. ambe Turano ardura no : ambe means great in Etruscan. See note on ambat. Left 

 Side, lT-20. Turano is governed in the genitive of position by ardura, a Basque word mean- 

 ing care, which is itself governed by the postposition no, of. 



bane belongs to the following line. 



123 Line 7. bane'.ic ra aintzin imi Pisa : banetu is employed in this place as a noun, the union, 

 and is governed by ra, to, towards. Also aintzin is a noun which means warning. But its 

 composition with imi is precisely that of the Japanese to which I have referred in notes on 

 Lett Side, 5-S. Pisa was not one of the twelve states : Pignotti, Storia di Toscana, T. 1, p. 12. 



ezan nauche Pisa ; ezan, xiov/ ez, eza, is here a verb conjugated with dut. The compound 

 auxiliary nau is the Basque "he me does." The final che, self, qualifies the ni, and serves to 

 denote the double action of Pisa : "it warns the union and refuses myself" 



ichpichio nekian nochiu. See Left Side, 9-12. 



