A SMALIv BRONZE MIRROR, SOMEWHAT RE- 

 SEMBLING IN EORM THE MIRROR OE 



THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS 

 Found at Machu Picchu. Natural size 



executed at the place of his birth, con- 

 sisting of a masonry wall zvith three zvin- 

 dows, ivhich zvere emblems of the house 

 of his fathers zvhence he descended. The 

 first window was called Tampu-toco, the 

 second Maras-toco, and the third Sutic- 

 toco, referring to his uncles and paternal 

 and maternal grandparents." * 



So far as we have been able to find out, 

 there is no place in Peru or Bolivia where 

 the ruins consist of "a masonry wall with 

 three windows" except at A'lachu Picchu. 



This is the only one of the ancient ac- 

 counts of Inca history that gives the tra- 

 dition of Manco Ccapac ordering such a 

 wall to be built at the place of his birth. 

 But the other ancient chroniclers nearly 

 all give the story of this first Inca king 

 coming from a place called Tampu-tocco, 

 or Window Tavern, or Place of Tempo- 

 rary Abode Characterized by Windows. 

 To be sure, most of them assign the loca- 

 tion of Tampu-tocco to Paccari-tampu, 

 or Tavern of the Dawn — a small, unim- 

 portant village, with an insignificant ruin, 

 southwest of Cuzco. But there are no 

 windows in this ruin, and the natural 

 surroundings of Paccari-tampu do not 

 lend themselves to the other require- 



* Quoted from Sir Clements Markham's 

 translation. 



ments of the story, as was pointed out 

 in the National Geographic Magazine 

 for April, 1913, pages 413-414- 



Other important references to the for- 

 mer home of ]\Ianco, the first Inca. are 

 found in the results of the Viceroy Fran- 

 cisco de Toledo's investigations in 1572, 

 when Tupac Amaru, the last Inca, was 

 put to death. 



TESTIMONY OE THE INDIANS 



On the 2 1 St day of January, 1572, 15 

 Indians, who were descended from the 

 Guallas Indians who used to live near the 

 salt terraces near Cuzco, and who said 

 that their ancestors had lived here long 

 before any Incas came to the site where 

 at present is the city of Cuzco, on being 

 questioned all together and individually, 

 said they had heard their fathers and 

 ancestors say that Manco Ccapac came 

 from Tampu-tocco, lived on the site of 

 Cuzco, and began to oppress their ances- 

 tors and take their lands awa}' from 

 them. 



It seems to me significant that they did 

 not say that Manco Ccapac came from 

 Paccari-tampu, which would have been 

 a natural thing for them to say, if true, as 

 that was a well-known village in 1572. 



Furthermore, in 1570, at a legal in- 

 vestigation made in Xauxa, one of the 

 witnesses, who was 95 years old, said 

 that Manco Ccapac, being lord of the 

 town where he was born, had conquered 

 little by little as far as Cuzco, but he did 

 not know, nor did he remember, nor had 

 he heard, what town was that of Manco. 

 Evidently he was trained to keep the 

 secret. 



An Indian chief who followed him in 

 testifying was 94 years old, and con- 

 firmed what had previously been stated, 

 but said that he did not know where 

 Manco Ccapac was born, although he 

 knew he was the first Inca. Another 

 Indian-chief witness, who was aged 92 

 or 93, said that Manco Ccapac came out 

 of a cave called Tuco or Tocco ; that he 

 was lord of the town near that cave, and 

 that he was the first of the Incas. 



These investigations also were made 

 during the reign of the Viceroy Toledo. 

 In these legal examinations it is not once 

 stated by an Indian under oath that 

 ]\Ianco Ccapac came from Paccari-tampu^ 

 although it is difficult to imagine wh}" 



178 



