CLAY spindle; whorls usld by the; 



WOMEN OF MACHU PICCHU IN 

 • SPINNING WOOL 



THE HANDLE OE A JUG DECORATED WITH 



A jaguar's head 



This is partially hollow, so that a string 

 may be passed in the teeth in such a manner 

 as to support the jug. 



Thanks to the courtesy of the govern- 

 ment of Peru, arrangements were made 

 with the government's wireless station in 

 Lima to have time-signals sent out, so 

 that more exact data than ariy hitherto 

 available could be obtained in determin- 



ing the longitude of the area to be 

 mapped. For this purpose two sets of 

 wireless receiving apparatus were pro- 

 vided, one of which was installed at the 

 Harvard Observatory in Arequipa, where, 

 through the courtesy of Prof. E. C. Pick- 

 ering, the time-signals were also received 

 and recorded. 



In order to get the receiving wire high 

 enough in the air to overcome the dis- 

 tance over which the wireless time-sig- 

 nals must travel, it was proposed to use a 

 number of box-kites arranged tandem, 

 but experience proved that it was not 

 necessary to do more than raise the re- 

 ceiving wire a few feet above the ground. 



Our Chief Topographer, Mr. Bum- 

 stead, was with the topographical branch 

 of the United States Geological Survey 

 for a number of years, and had the ad- 

 vantage of our 1912 field season in one 

 of the most difficult parts of Peru. As 

 he was familiar with wireless telegraphy, 

 the determination of the longitudes of 

 the region mapped has been done with 

 great accuracy. 



M'^ith Mt. Salcantay as a center, we 

 have now succeeded in mapping the sur- 

 rounding territory as far as it is practi- 

 cable to do so. The character of the map 

 and its extent have depended largely on 

 the weather and, to a certain extent, on 

 the ability of the topographers to do diffi- 

 cult mountain climbing. 



racing with the clouds 



In his report on the results of this sea- 

 son's work Mr. Bumstead says that 52 

 per cent of daylight, during the "dry 

 season," weather conditions were so bad 

 as to make topographic work impossible. 



He continues : 



"While in the country around Salcan- 

 tay, and particularly on the westerly side, 

 cloudiness and rain were almost contin- 

 uous throughout the season, the fog ex- 

 tending down nearly to the bottoms of 

 the valleys. It was in this region that 

 my most important work was centered, 

 and I spent much time there making a 

 desperate effort to get work done. Many 

 peaks were climbed in the dark in order 

 that I might be ready to Avork at sunrise, 

 for I found that that was the time when 

 I was most likely to be able to see. The 

 clouds would frequently clear away in 

 the night and begin to gather again at 



