Photo by D. W. IdJings 



THE MARKET: BELGRADE, SERVIA 



"Fifty francs will purchase in Servia a plot of land that will keep a man going for the 

 rest of his natural life. . . . Servia is an agricultural El Dorado, and if the untutored 

 peasant can now make a living with antediluvian methods, what might not be accomplished 

 with capital and machinery?"- — De WindT. 



it is in the method of its causation. 

 Where typhoid is caused by a germ that 

 previously inhabited the intestinal tract 

 of some typhoid patient, swallowed with 

 food or drink, typhus is produced by a 

 germ pumped out of the body of a typhus 

 patient by the blood-sucking vermin, and 

 then carried by the insect to the pros- 

 pective' victim and injected into his blood. 

 In the earlier stages the diseases are 

 rather closely allied in their symptology, 

 so much so that in sporadic outbreaks ty- 

 phus has been diagnosed as typhoid. But 

 the crisis comes in eight days in typhus 

 as against twenty-one days in typhoid. 

 After that period the typhus patient dies 

 quickly or recovers rapidly. 



So serious has the condition become in 

 Servia that Major General Gorgas, Sur- 

 geon General of the United States Army, 

 has been offered the post of adviser on 



world sanitation in general and Servian 

 typhus work in particular, with a liberal 

 salary and a pension for himself and his 

 widow in case of incapacitation or death, 

 his distinguished achievement at Panama 

 stamping him as a world's authority, not 

 only in the critical knowledge of sanita- 

 tion, but in actual carrying out of cam- 

 paigns against epidemics. 



SERVIA's history in BRIE]? 



Ethnologically the Servians are Slavs, 

 while linguistically they are related to the 

 Croats. History's earliest glimpse of 

 them showed them an agricultural people 

 living in Galicia. In the sixth century 

 they moved southward to the Black Sea, 

 and later into the northwestern corner of 

 the Balkan Peninsula. It was not until 

 1804, however, that modern Servia had 

 its inception. The population rose en 



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