220 Miscellanies. 



in the limits of the present outline. As a proof of the magnitude of 

 his laborious pursuits, it may be sufficient to mention, that he first de- 

 veloped the electro-chemical system, and that he has also examined and 

 minutely described the atomic theory of the elementary bodies. Of 

 these bodies he has discovered selenium, thorium and cerium, and first 

 classified calcium, barium, strontium, columbium, silicium and zirconi- 

 um among the metals. He has discovered and examined several great 

 classes of chemical combinations, as, for instance, the diffei'ent degrees 

 in which sulphur combines with fluoric acid, with platinum, columbium, 

 vanadium, tellurium and phosphorus, the sulphates, &c. Not less has 

 he distinguished himself by his experiments in organic chemistry ; and 

 properly speaking, he has laid the foundation of the vegetable and ani- 

 mal chemistry, in particular the latter. 



His works, which have been for the most part translated into the 

 English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Polish languages, are so 

 numerous and voluminous, that considering the accuracy with which 

 every thing is described, it appears to be almost a wonder how one man, 

 whose time besides is occupied by a great deal of official duties, has 

 been able to accomplish such a mass of scientific publications. His 

 great work, ' Manual of Chemistry,' has been published in four differ- 

 ent editions, of which the latest contains ten volumes, the last of which 

 was published in 1841. The fifth edition is now publishing, and two 

 volumes are already in the hands of the booksellers. His lectures on 

 Animal Chemistry are published in two volumes ; his works on Natural 

 Philosophy, Chemistry and Mineralogy, make six volumes ; and his 

 Reports of the yearly progress of the natural and chemical sciences 

 contain not less than twenty-three volumes. 



Of eminent men from foreign countries who have worked in the lab- 

 oratory of Berzelius, are Bonsdorff, Engelhardt, Gmelin, Hartwall, 

 Hess, Hiinefeld, Johnston, Magnus, E. Mitscherlisch, Nordenskiold, 

 Osann, G. Rose, H. Rose, Turner, Winckler and Wohler. 



Baron Berzelius has received from his Majesty King Charles John 

 many marks of high distinction, viz. created a nobleman, 1818, and a 

 Baron, 1835; Knight Commander of the royal order of Wasa, 1821, 

 and Grand Cross of the same order, 1829. Besides, he is Knight of 

 the royal Swedish order of the Polar Star, and of several foreign orders 

 received from the Emperor of Russia, and the kings of Prussia, Den- 

 mark, Belgium, France and Sardinia. He is an honorary member of 

 not less than eighty-eight literary and scientific societies, of which sev- 

 enty-nine belong to foreign countries. In consideration of the great 

 services which Baron Berzelius has done to his native country, the mem- 

 bers of the last diet at Stockholm in 1840, voted to him the annual sum 

 of two thousand dollars Banco, as a pension for his lifetime, indepen- 

 dent of his former emoluments, — Lond., Edinb. Sf Dull. Phil. Mag. 



