Review of the Neio York Geological Reports. 359 



Besides these, there have been found in the calciferous sand- 

 rock, Lingula acuminata, Pleurotomaria, Scalites angulatus, 

 (PI. 84, fig. 1,) Maclurea lahiatus (fig. 2,) ilf. striatus (fig. 3,) 

 Bellerophon sulcaiinus (fig. 4,) Orthis (fig, 5,) and Orbicida, 

 (fig. 6.)* 



The best localities for studying this rock and its fossils are in 

 the valley of the Mohawk near Canajoharie, Fort Plain, and at 

 Chazy, Clinton Co. 



On the south, the calciferous sandrock ranges from the termina- 

 tion of the lakes bounding New York and Vermont to East Can- 

 ada creek ; its outcrop being chiefly north of the Mohawk, and 

 resting immediately on the primary, concealed however to a con- 

 siderable extent, by alluvion. West of this, in Herkimer Co., it 

 shows itself, on the surface, only over a very limited area on the 

 margin of W. Canada creek. Further west it disappears until it 

 emerges again to the surface between New Hartford and Whites- 

 town in Oneida Co., at first in a very narrow strip, but after reach- 

 ing Fish Creek its superficial area suddenly expands in a sweep 

 towards the north, and then, contracting again, it reaches the south- 

 eastern shore of Lake Superior. On the north it rests on the 

 Potsdam sandstone, and is coextensive with that formation, form- 

 ing a belt along the St. Lawrence ten miles wide, and extending 

 thence into Canada. 



Anthracite in the form of drops occurs occasionally in the cal- 

 ciferous sandrock, and excavations have been made near the 

 Noses to the depth of sixty feet, in the hopes of striking a work- 

 able bed, without success. So long as anthracite coal was con- 

 sidered a product of more ancient date than bituminous coal, there 

 might have been some encouragement given to such a work ; but 

 now that geological research has demonstrated the fact that both 

 these varieties of coal belong to one and the same geological 

 epoch, it is certain that all attempts to discover anthracite associa- 

 ted with this rock, or indeed with any of the members of the 

 New York system, must be equally fruitless with the explorations 

 made for bituminous coal within the same geological limits. 



* The original figures illustrating the subject of this paper having been kindly 

 loaned to us, and some of them being in groups, we have been obliged to copy a 

 considerable number of figures not referred to in this review, because they could 

 not be detached from the tablets in which they are contained without considera- 

 ble trouble and expense. Moreover, they may be of some interest, being addi- 

 tional figures of the same deposit. 



