Dr, Borrt's Notices of Foreign Geology, 191 



Pappenheim, Eichstadt and in part of Normandy.) It is dis- 

 tinguished from the second floetz hmestone by its turreted 

 form, he. The green sand is abundantly distributed in 

 Germany, above the Jura limestone, and also in Bohemia 

 where it forms the Raiierkalk ; it abounds in Westphalia 

 near the Hartz ; it is some times full of hydrate of iron as 

 in Moravia, in some parts of France, on the borders of the 

 Hartz, in Pavonia, he. The chalk is abundant in Polonia, 

 above the green sand, with all the preceding members, and 

 also here and there in the north of Germany, especially near 

 Padesborn in Westphalia. Above the chalk is the plastic 

 clay with sand and rolled masses, forming a great part of the 

 extensive alluvial tract south of the Baltic; it here and there 

 contains shells. In the north of Germany you rarely see 

 the coarse marine limestone, but in the southern parts in 

 Hungary, &,c. it is associated with the plastic clay, or at 

 Jeast you observe there, a nagelfluch with a shelly limestone, 

 plastic clay with bituminous wood and fresh water shells, clay 

 with many marine shells like those of the subappenine hills, 

 sand, a kind of coarse marine limestone with shells which 

 do not exist in the limestone of Nagelfluch, and above these 

 are fresh water deposits of different ages with Planorbis, &;c. 

 At Pest it is very compact, at Vienna marly, at Baden 

 tufaceous. Near Nicolshitz in Moravia it contains insects 

 (diptues.) Basaltic deposits are abundant and true volca- 

 noes with craters and scoria exist at Egen, atHofand in the 

 Reisingebirge, ancient sub-marine accmulations of lava and 

 tuff are frequent in Germany, and the scoriae are often infil- 

 trated. The dykes are numerous and have produced an ev- 

 ident alteration in the rocks adjacent. Basaltic cones, ele- 

 vated as explained by theHuttonians, not by the volcanists, 

 or in the form of streams, are met with here and there, es- 

 pecially in Hessia, and the red ground and shelly limestone 

 are much altered in their vicinity and present the same 

 black aspect as at Sky and in Ireland. 



Trachytes are seen in five places in Hungary, on the bor- 

 ders of the Rhine, and in Stiria. They may be divided in- 

 to five varieties. Trachytes existing in hills. Trachyte 

 porphyries (coulees.) Porphyry more or less vitreous (a kind 

 of coulees.) Silicious porphyries, probably consolidated by 

 water, and having been once pumice-porphyries. Tra- 

 chytic and pumaceous tufas (being reaggregated matters 



