390 Foreign Liieratwe and Scxtncf.. 



The christians who live under his laws are under many ob- 

 ligations to him; and enterprizing travelh^s of all nations 

 and religions may now traverse Egypt with a security be- 

 fore unknown in the Ottoman dominions. The army of the 

 Vice Roy consists of not less than 45,000 men, compre- 

 hending infantry, cavalry and artillery. His naval force is 

 composed of 22 vessels, and the navigation of the Nile is 

 protected by a great number of gun boats, each of which 

 carries 40 men. The revenues of Mohamet Ali, as Vice 

 Roy, amounts to 25 millions of Spanish piastres. They 

 arise from custom house duties, taxes, tolls, fisheries, pub- 

 lic domains, contributions from conquered countries, and 

 from caravans, &c. The Vice Roy pays in title of vassal 

 2,400,000 livres to the Sultan ; he sends the same sum to 

 the Treasury of Mecca ; 800,000 measures of rice, &c. to 

 Constantinople, furnishes provisions to the caravans of Cai- 

 ro; keeps a brilliant court, and often sends presents to the 

 Sultan, to the favourite Sultana as well as to the nninisters 

 of his highness and to persons in credit at the Seraglio. The 

 actual population of Egypt does not exceed 3,000,000. It 

 contains 2,49G towns and villages, of which 957 are in Up- 

 per Egypt, and 1,539 in the Delta. 



25. Poland. — Nathan Rosenfeld, a Jew merchant at War- 

 saw, a very learned man, has recently published a history 

 of Poland, written in Hebrew. This new historian has ex- 

 amined the best sources of information, and has left noth- 

 ing to be desired with respect to the authenticity or arrange- 

 ment of his facts. 



26# Copenhagen. — M. H. Faber who has been three 

 years in Iceland, and has examined every portion of that 

 mountainous island, has formed an ample collection of its 

 birds and their eggs, which is now in the Royal Museum. 

 He has recently published in Latin a preliminary notice of 

 his discoveries under the title of a Prodroma of Icelandic 

 Ornithology. 



27. Fine Arts. — Albert, duke of Saxe-Teschen, has left- 

 to one of the princes of the imperial family his rich collec- 

 tion, consisting of 300,000 engravings, from the earliest es- 

 says in this art, to the most finished modern productions; 



