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EXPLANATION OF TERMS 
USED IN DESCRIBING THE OUTER FORMS OF BIRDS. 
A. Alulu. 
B. Auriculars. 
C. Crissum or lower tail coverts. 
D. Commissure. 
E. Culmen. 
F. Interscapuiars. 
G. Iris. 
H. Jugulum. 
I. Lores. 
J. Mandible. 
K. Nape. 
L. Occiput. 
M. Orbit. 
N. Primary quills or primaries. 
O. Secondary quills or secondaries. \ Remiges. 
P. Tertiary quills or tertiaries. 
Q. Pileum. 
R. Rictus. 
S. Lesser wing coverts. 
T. Middle wing coverts. {Seon coverts. 
U. Greater wing coverts. 
V. Primary coverts. 
W. Tibia. 
X. Tarsus. 
Y. Tail feathers or Rectrices. 
Z. Upper tail coverts. 
1. Scapulars. 
2. Unguis or Claw. 
3. Maxilla. 
