~I] 
— 
THE CHANNEL: AT YOU BET AND RED DOG. ] 
[L.] Points supposed to be on or near the main central line of the deep channel. 
Waloupa. Bed-rock . : . : : : : ; : ° : 2,590 feet. 
Niece and West’s Mine. Bed-rock . > : 3 : : d $ Saar « 
Heydliff’s Claim. Bed-rock . ; . : : ; , ‘ ‘ ‘ 2,640 <« 
Brown’s Claim. Bed-rock. : , : , . F : j : . [2,640}] “ 
Mallory’s Claim. Bottom of Incline. : : ; ‘ ‘ : : 2,641 “ 
Cozzens and Garber’s shaft. Bottom 5 : ‘ : ; A : SCS 
Red Dog. Bed-rock . Le Aaa ere : eee 2,621 « 
Independence Hill. Bed-rock . : : ; ; ; : : : Pou | 
Bunker Hill. Bed-rock : 2 : : 4 : - ; : : 2,632 
[II.] Points on the westerly rim. 
Pine Hill. Hubbard’s Tunnel . : ° : : ° . : : . 2,655 
Opposite Savage’s house. You Bet. - ; : : : - , 2,828 “ 
Opposite Garber’s shaft. Missouri Caiion . : : d : ‘ \ . 2,800 « 
[III.] High bed-rock to the east of You Bet. 
On Chicken Point 3 : : : : ; : : ; ; F 3,066 “ 
Outlet of Timmens’s Mine . . Z a : ‘ : A , : = seo © 
High Rock at Hussey’s Mine . : - : ; ; : : 3,040 “ 
Bed-rock on Darling’s Hill (in the rine) ‘ - : - A : . BOs = 
[IV.] The lower line of high bed-rock to the east of You Bet. 
Sardine Ravine . : 3 2907 © 
Missouri Caton. At butted of Shae Loaf mines Kestimaaitesly : < = es SS 
Rush Swamp. Partly estimated . : . : p , : : : Ag 7h,“ 
Outlet of Hussey’s Mine . ‘ : : ° ; : ‘ - | 
On Darling’s Hill. In the ditch : P ; : ° - ; ; : 2,908 “ 
Before attempting to draw any conclusion from this in some respects inconsistent testimony, 
there may be a few words added in regard to the other kinds of evidence which we tried to get. 
The form and position of the pot-holes or excavations worn in the bed-rock attracted our particular 
attention, though not until a late day. The opportunities for studying them were, unfortunately, 
few in number. At Niece and West’s Mine we examined the bed-rock carefully in company, and 
found what seemed to us incontrovertible proof that the rock had been worn by a stream running 
in a direction from Niece and West’s to Waloupa. At Dutch Flat we met persons who were 
strong in the opinion that the original course of the stream at this point was from southwest to 
northeast, in spite of the grade of the bed-rock ; but we found in the pot-holes absolutely nothing 
which even suggested such a direction. The argument for the up-hill direction of the channel is 
substantially as follows: ‘ Whenever, in the present river beds, there is an unusually high place 
in the rock, there will be no gold found on the slope towards the head of the stream, but it will 
all be found on the lower side. In the old channels the reverse is the case, —if the channel 
flowed to the south. Ergo, the old channel must have flowed to the north, and owes its present 
position to a slow upheaval or relative change.” Inquiries among the miners in the gravel claims 
failed, however, to establish as a rule that the gold was in reality more likely to be found on the 
northern than on the southern slopes of inequalities in the bed-rock. In isolated cases it may have 
been observed, but the rule is by no means universally recognized. It is only just to add that 
those persons who defended the theory of the northerly course of the channel, also claimed to have 
seen in the position of the pebbles with respect to each other, and in the accumulations of sand 
around the larger boulders, evidence in corroboration of their theory. But evidence of this nature 
it seems to me very unsafe to trust to any great extent. 
At Red Dog I failed to find the conclusive proof I had hoped for as to the direction of the cur- 
rent. The rock was so much weathered, that I could find no hole sufficiently well preserved to 
convince me beyond a doubt. On a different occasion, however, Mr. Bowman assured me that he 
found positive evidence that the channel once came across from Independence Hill, and made a 
bend to the east where the Red Dog mines now are. A priori, such a bend in the stream is not 
to be expected, for there is almost no instance in the present streams or ravines in the neighbor- 
