ELOTHERIUM: HIPPOPOTAMUS. 245 
LE. ingens, of the Mauvaises Terres of White River, Dakota, although it would 
appear to belong to a larger individual than the remains referred to the lat- 
ter, if not to a yet larger species.” No trace of thisanimal has been found in 
the gravel deposits except the above-described tooth. A number of teeth, 
however, were obtained by Rev. T. Condon in the valley of Bridge Creek, a 
tributary of the Columbia River, which were referred by Dr. Leidy to the 
genus Elotherium, and described under the name of £2. imperator.* Of these 
specimens it is said that it “is not improbable that part or the whole pertain 
to the species named Llotheriwn superbum from an isolated incisor tooth found 
in Calaveras County, California.” 
Another species is represented by a single fragment of a tooth or tusk 
belonging to some large animal, which is said to have come from the Buck- 
eye Tunnel, under Table Mountain, the position of which has already been 
described. From its appearance and partially fossilized character it would 
seem probable that it was obtained from this or some other position under 
the lava. The fragment is about two inches long and consists of a portion 
of a tooth split through the centre, its diameter being about an inch and a 
half. Of this specimen Dr. Leidy only says in his notes: “Uncertain. Ap- 
parently the fragment of an incisor or canine of some large pachyderm, not 
the mastodon or elephant, and probably allied to the hippopotamus.” 
The analysis of this specimen, by Mr. Sharples, gave the following re- 
sults : — 
Phosphate of lime : ; 5 ‘ : g . 67.89 
Carbonate of lime . , : ‘ , . 8.74 
Fluoride of calcium . d . Z é F Ber GOs 
Oxide of iron . : : ‘ - i 2.34 
Water and organic matter . : ‘ : : . 38.03 
98.97 
The amount of fluorine given above is quite remarkable, as it considerably 
exceeds that previously obtained in the analyses which have been made by 
chemists of the teeth and tusks of various animals. 
The only other animal remains which have come into the possession of the 
writer, appearing without doubt to have come from deposits positively prior 
in age to the basalt, are such as have also been found in an uncertain posi- 
tion: that is to say, where it is impossible to tell whether they were or were 
not deposited prior to the cessation of eruptive action in the Central Sierra. 
It will be proper, in the first place, therefore, to enumerate all the species 
* In Contributions to the Extinct Vertebrate Fauna of the Western Territories, p. 217. 
