Magnolia. POLYCARPEZ. 95 
is also remarked in both the fossil and the living leaves. The oblitera- 
tion of the areolation prevents an accurate comparison. This leaf is about 
twenty-three centimeters long, and six centimeters broad above the mid- 
dle. The average size of those of MM. acuminata is twenty-eight centi- 
meters long, and nine to ten broad. 
Habitat. — Chalk Bluffs, Nevada County, California. Voy’s Collection. 
Magnolia Californica, sp. nov. 
Pi. VI. Figs. 5-7. 
Leaves broadly oval, with entire, slightly undulate borders, rounded uprards to a short 
acumen, and more gradually narrowed downwards to a short petiole; secondary 
veins open, parallel, camptodrome, anastomosing along and quite near the borders 
in simple or double bows. 
The fragment (Fig. 5) has the lateral nerves somewhat more distant, 
and apparently thicker; but, considering the leaves of living species of 
Magnolia, these same differences are remarked. The relation of this spe- 
cies to M. cordata, Mich. common in the present flora of the Southern 
States, is quite as marked as that of the former species to Af acuminata. 
The base is equal and cuneate to the petiole, while in the living species 
it is generally unequilateral, and more or less cordate. Leaves narrowed 
to the petiole, however, are frequently found in MV. cordata ; indeed, young 
leaves are generally of this character, and though the base of the fossil 
leaves are equilateral the lamina is divided by the midrib im two unequal 
sides, as in the living species. All the details of nervation, as far as they 
can be seen and have been carefully represented (Fig. 5), are the same, 
even the basilar veinlets, as in Fig. 7. In the fossil floras of the Mio 
cene of Europe, M. Diane, Ung. Sillog., p. 28, Pl. XI. Figs. 1-4, is the 
more analogous species, differing especially by narrower leaves and the 
winged petiole. Fig. 6 of our plate represents the cone-like receptacle 
of a Magnolia with seeds still attached to it, and some loose ones upon 
the same fragment. It is referable, very probably at least, to one of 
these two species, whose specimens are all from the same locality. 
Habitat. —Chalk Bluffs, with the former. Voy’s Collection. 
