Dr. H. Preiswerk—Oil Region of the Northern Puijab. 15 
hill road from Murree to Kuldana and Khaira Gali. The observa- 
tions made in this region I have entered on Plate I. The road from 
Rawalpindi to Murree runs from its entrance into the hills almost, 
exclusively in the sandstones of the Murree formation. Below 
Tret, however, where the road sharply curves to the north-west 
round the isolated hill, and where the footpath to Tret branches off, 
the road cuts red clays, then greyish-yellow lenticular or nodular 
marly limestones, and finally massive Nummulitic limestones, 
somewhat crushed. On the north side of the hill nodular marly 
limestones appear again and also the sandstone. Evidently we have 
to deal here with a tightly pressed anticline, in the core of which 
Hill-Nummulitic limestones appear. It is strange that the hanging 
layers dip, on both sides, steeply towards the anticlinal lime- 
stone core. The nodular marly limestone corresponds strati- 
graphically to the oil-rocks of Ratta Hotar, and indeed here, 
2000 feel 
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Ny 
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RE i. SNS SNS SS 
SD eS &S Q > Ne 
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S > NN 1 8 
2 % NN a8 
S 8 Nas >> 
8 59 % 
lay oO 2 Na Re 2 
g S: CAS 
S SNe 
S gS 
~ G 
too, it is bituminous, as can be seen from the exposures on the 
north side of the hill near the bungalow of Tret. I have followed up 
this anticline for many miles to the north-east as far as a little 
village, Khani Tak, in the steep forest ravine north of Murree 
(Plate I). There the limestones disappear among the sandstone 
masses, and the anticlinal core dives below the hanging beds. In 
the axis of the anticline the strata are standing almost perpendicular, 
more moderate inclinations occurring, however, in the south-east 
slope, e.g. near Charra Pani. The Murree sandstones in the south- 
east flank throughout show a moderate inclination (50°—-20° south- 
east). The anticline is very rich in bituminous rocks from Tret 
onwards to its east end. These appear especially in the zone 
between Nummulitic limestones and the red gypsum marls of the 
Upper Nummulitic or, where this is missing, between limestone and 
Murree sandstones. They appear, however, also in the limestone 
mass itself or in limy-marly porous rocks of the Upper Nummulitic. 
They therefore seem stratigraphically equivalent to the oil 
occurrences at Golra and Saidpur. 
The Upper Nummulitic can easily be examined, especially in the 
south flank of the anticline, the road to Murree cutting this formation 
