70 D. M. 8. Watson—Hugyrinus wild. 
On Eugyrinus wildi (A.S. W.), a Branchiosaur from 
the Lancashire Coal-measures. 
By D. M.S. Watson, University College, London. 
fete unique type-specimen of Hylonomus wildi, a small amphibian 
from the marine roof of the Mountain Four-feet Mine of the 
Lower Coal-measures at Trawden, near Colne, Lancashire, is now 
in the Manchester Museum, No. W 1222. 
This specimen was accurately described by Dr. A. Smith Wood- 
ward (Grou. Maa., 1891, pp. 211-13). Some time ago I decided to 
endeavour to develop the dorsal surface of the skull, and was 
successful in the attempt. The skull is quite uncrushed, although 
the quadratojugal of the left side had been separated before burial. 
It is now represented by an exquisitely sharp impression of the 
outer surface of the posterior half, squeezes from which display 
the structure with perfection. The mould of the inner surface of the 
whole head, except the extreme tip of the nose, is equally well 
preserved. The parasphenoid and right half of the palate are in 
place, but somewhat concealed by the lower jaw. Finally, a fracture 
passing along the quadrate ramus of the pterygoid makes the 
structures there visible. 
The skull is very small, about 17 mm. in length and breadth, and 
7mm. in maximum depth. 
The general form is triangular, the quadrate region being the 
widest part and the nose narrow. The dorsal contour is nearly 
straight, descending from the occiput to the shallow nose. In 
transverse section the outer surface is smoothly curved, the 
temporal bones continuing the surface of the “ table ”’. 
The orbits are large, lying in the anterior half of the skull and 
extending down to the upper edge of the shallow maxille. The 
interorbital surface is wide. The posterior edge of the right nostril 
is preserved and shows that these openings were small and widely 
separated. There is a small pineal foramen, just caudal of the hinder 
margin of the orbiés. 
The outer surface is covered by an ornament of small bosses, 
sometimes extended into ridges. There isa shallow groove for lateral 
line sense organs on the squamosal. 
There are no ossifications in the neural cranium. The basis 
cranii is supported by a very large parasphenoid, which is posteriorly 
expanded into a thin hexagonal plate with a flat ventral surface. 
The processus cultriformis is wide, and extends very far forward. 
The pterygoid is attached to the anterior corner of the enlarged 
plate of the parasphenoid by a narrow process, the exact details not 
being ascertainable. From this process the quadrate ramus passes 
backward as a high paraotic flange, whose upper edge touches the 
squamosal below the otic notch, whilst its lower margin is carried 
down below the general level of the palate to support the articular 
edge of the quadrate. The palatal ramus of the pterygoid runs 
