299 JS. lettres winena = 
well known, and have been described by Ferguson! and Jamieson.” 
The length of this ridge is about 10 miles, and it is not crossed by 
any important valley. Towards its eastern end the ridge is cut 
through by a narrow channel at North Aldie, which Dr. Bremner ? 
has shown to be a glacial overflow channel. It was not possible for 
us to make a minute examination of the whole of this ground, but we 
have visited a number of selected localities for the purposes of 
comparing these gravel deposits with those of Windyhills and 
Delgaty. 
SCALE OF MILES 
fo) Ye / WEP 4 
Fig. 2.—The Buchan Ridge. (Contour intervals of 100 feet; height 
indicated by depth of stippling.) 
Towards the west end of the Ridge, about Dudwick Hill, quartz 
and flint pebbles are numerous in the soil of the fields and on the 
surface of the moors, but in the numerous shallow pits and drains 
which we inspected we saw nothing strictly comparable with the 
Windyhills deposit, and our conclusion was that beneath the soil 
there was a brownish boulder-clay, in which many flint and quartzite 
pebbles had been incorporated along with fragments of a large variety 
of local rocks. Further east, however, at the Corse of Balloch the 
superficial deposits are of different character. There is a great deal 
of thick peat in this area which is being extensively dug for fuel ; 
immediately below the peat there are great sheets of gravel, 
apparently hardly disturbed. By far the greater part of the pebbles 
are well-rounded flints from 2 to 7 inches in diameter; these form 
about 80 per cent of the whole accumulation. The remaining 
pebbles are principally white quartzites, in which all the types 
characteristic of Windyhills and Delgaty are represented. The 
matrix is a whitish, or sometimes yellow, sandy clay, varying in 
1 Op. cit., supra. 
2 Op. cit., swpra. 
3 Op. cit., supra, p. 339. 
