Fauna of the Lower Devonian of Torquay. 313 
Notes on the Fauna of the Lower Devonian Beds of 
Torquay. 
By F. R. Cowrrr REED, Sc.D., F.G.S. 
Part IJ. Bracuiopopa. 
Orthis (Schizophoria) provulvaria Maurer. 
1864. Orthis hipparionyx ? Davidson (pars.), Mon. Brit. Dev. Brach., vol. i, 
p. 90, pl. xvii, fig. 10 (excl. cet.). 
1882. Orthis hipparionix or striatula Etheridge, GEoLrocicaAL MAGAZINE, 
p- 156, Pl. IV, Fig. 8. 
1882. Spirifera cultrijugata ? Etheridge, ibid., p. 155, pl. iv, fig. 9. 
1893. Orthis provulvaria Maurer, Neues Jahrb. f. Miner. Geol., i, p. 7, t. ili, 
figs. 1-4. 
1904. Orthis. (Schizophoria) provulvaria Drevermann, Palwontographica, 
Bd. 1, p. 267, t. xxx, figs. 29, 30; t. xxxi, figs. 11-19. 
1920. Orthis (Schizophoria) provulvaria Reed, Journ. Torquay Nat. Hist. 
Soc., vol. ii, No. 6, pp. 340, 341. 
Drevermann has already-described and figured this species, and 
there can be no doubt that the shell from Smugglers’ Cove described 
by Etheridge as ‘ O. hipparionia (sic) or striatula”’ belongs to it. 
There are several much better examples in the Sedgwick Museum 
from Smugglers’ Cove, which fully confirm this conclusion. The 
specimen from Looe, figured by Davidson (op. cit. supra) as O. 
hipparionyx 2 is believed by Drevermann to belong to O. provulvaria, 
but he does not mention Etheridge’s shell from Smugglers’ Cove. 
There is also one imperfect example in the Sedgwick Museum from 
the New Cut. Williams and Breger! consider Schnur’s? Orthos 
hipparionyx (non Vanuxem) from Priim in the Hifel, to be identical 
with Hall’s? Schuchertella woolworthana from the Lower Helderberg 
of New York. 
Horizon.—Lower Devonian (Staddon Grits). 
oe na aan Cove, Torquay (8. 58) ; New Cut, Torquay 
(S. 30). 
Orthis (Dalnanella) circularis Sowerby ? 
Sowerby’s type * of this species was from the Rhenish Lower 
Devonian, but the name seems to have been subsequently applied 
to various members of a group of species which are difficult to 
distinguish when the material is poorly preserved, as is the case 
with the Torquay specimens. The synonymies which Kegel * and 
Williams & Breger ® have given for this species may be questioned, 
and Fuchs’ has recently split up the group into a number of distinct 
species which were previously regarded as identical with O. circularis 
or merely varieties of it. 
Horizon.—Meadfoot Beds. 
Locality.—Meadfoot, Torquay. 
1 Williams & Breger, Prof. Paper 89, U.S. Geol. Surv., 1916, pp. 34, 39. 
* Schnur, Palaecontographica, vol. iii, 1853, p. 217, pl. xl, figs. la—c. 
5 Hall, Tenth Ann. Rep. New York State Cab. Nat. Hist., 1857, p. 48, figs. 
4 Sowerby, Trans. Geol. Soc., ser. 1, vol. vi, 1842, p. 409, pl. xxxviii, fig. MR 
” Kegel, fae Ks La geol. Landesanst., N.F., Heft Ixxvi, 1913, p. 101; 
suv tl ot) ae 
§ Williams & Breger, op. cit., 1916, pp. 59, 60. 
7 Fuchs, Abh. k. preuss. geol. Landesanst., N.F., Heft Ixxix, 1915, pp. 8-16. 
