The Lower Devonian Fauna of Torquay. 269 



I am acquainted agrees with Freeh's figure of a specimen from tlie 

 Lower Coblenzian of Mormont, Belgium (Freeh, op. cit., t. ix, fig. 5), 

 and shows the characteristic broad shallow concave interspaces 

 between the 6-7 sharp narrow radial ribs, all crossed by fine con- 

 centric striae. This left valve has the j)osterior ear fairly perfect, 

 as well as the whole body, but the anterior ear is not preserved. 



Dimensions. — Length (oblique), c. 40 mm. Height, c. 30 mm. 



Horizon. — Louver Devonian (Staddon Grits). 



Locality. — Smugglers' Cove, Torquay (S. 63). 



Pterinea {Cornellites) spinosa Phillips. 



The internal cast of a left valve from Kilmorie and the external 

 impression of the same specimen in a good state of preservation 

 allow us to determine the presence of Phillips' species Pt. sjnnosa.^ 

 which is closely allied to, though not identical with, Pt. costata. 

 The external impression shows 8 strong radiating ribs subquadrate 

 in section, decreasing successively in size anteriorly, and becoming 

 more curved forwards ; they are separated by deep interspaces, 

 two or three times as wide, with a more or less flattened floor. Both 

 ribs and interspaces are crossed by equidistant concentric lamellose 

 lines which rise into projecting imbricating scales on the ribs, and there 

 are also regular radial strige, 8-10 in number, set at equal distances 

 apart, which ornament each interspace, but they seem absent 

 from the crests of the ribs. The flattened triangular pointed posterior 

 ear bears about 6 or 7 strong raised Hues parallel to the hinge-line, 

 with 2-3 finer lines between them, and it is also crossed by closely 

 set fine concentric lines. The somewhat swollen anterior ear bears 

 2-3 coarse radial ribs precisely similar to those on the anterior part 

 of the body, but separated from them by a particularly wide inter- 

 space ; the ear and its ribs are also crossed by closely set minutely 

 concentric and radial Imes, producing a minute cancellation. In 

 the interior cast of the left valve the sm;iJ] anterior musele-scar 

 on the anterior ear is situated just below the pair of very stout 

 short anterior cardinal teeth, which lie immediately in front of the 

 beak, but the posterior teeth are not preserved. The posterior 

 muscle-scar cannot be clearly made out. 



Dimensions. — Height at beak, c. 25 mm. Length of body, c. 

 38 mm. Length of hinge-line, c. 60 mm. 



The difference between Pt. spinosa and Pt. costata has been clearly 

 demonstrated by Beclard,^ and it lies not only in the shape and 

 ornamentation of the ribs, but in the presence of ribs in the anterior 

 ear, similar to those on the body. Pt. Pailletei De Vern.^ is an allied 

 species which Freeh united with Pt. costata Goldf. 



^ Phillips, Palccoz. Foss. Devon and Cornic, 1S41, p. 48, pi. xxii, fi2:s. 81a-/. 



- Beolard, Bull. Soc. helge CUol, i, 1887, pp. 68-73, pi. v, %:*. 7-11. 



^ De Vemeuil, Bull. Soc. g6ol. Francp., Ser. ii, vol. xii, iS53, p. 1003, pi. xxix, 

 fig. 3 ; Oeldert, ibid., Ser. in, vol. xvi, 1888, p. 639, pi. xiv, figs. 6, Qa-c ; 

 Prevermann, Palccontographica, !, 1904, p. 237, pi. xxviii, lias. 8-11 ; Kegel, 

 Abh. k. "prevss. geol. Landesansi., N.F., Heft. 76, 1913, p. .54, t. iii, fig. 6. 



