The Lower Devonimi Fauna of Torquay. 271 



on the other hand, appears to have a smooth surface, and the beak 

 is smaller and less prominent than that of the other valve. The 

 longitudinally striated external ligamental area is well seen, and the 

 hinge-line shows a row of small transverse denticulations on its 

 edge between tiie beaks which is characteristic of Actinodesma. The 

 base of the anterior ear of the left valve shows traces of the anterior 

 muscle-scar. An impression of part of the exterior of another left 

 valve (S. 66) shows on the body very strong high upstanding thick 

 concentric lamellae, which are closely placed and slightly crenulated 

 by weak discontmuous small radial folds. The large flattened 

 posterior ear of this specimen has the characteristic shape and 

 ornamentation of the species, but the concentric lamellae on the body 

 are more numerous and more closely placed than in typical 

 examples, so that this Torquay form seems to be a variety of 

 Goldfuss' type.^ 



There is another (S. 67) nearly complete, though distorted, 

 internal cast of an entire shell from Kilmorie in the Sedgwick 

 Museum, which also probably belongs to the same specie?. The right 

 valve is perfect, but the concentric rugae on the surface of the left 

 valve are less apparent than in the above described specimen. 

 There is a well-marked pallial line situated at about one-fourth the 

 height of the shell and the whole pallial area is pitted ; the posterior 

 muscle-scar is large and well marked and in the usual position. 

 Drevermann ^ has figured a shell under the name Actinodesma 

 erectum Hall, var. eifeliensis, from the Lower Coblenzian of 

 Oberstadtfeld, which has the same peculiarly marked pallial line, 

 but our shell has a more subquadrate form and subcentral beak, 

 and in these respects is like A. obsoletum. The large concave 

 ligamental area is well preserved in our specimen, and the short 

 rounded prominent anterior ear is complete in both valves, but the 

 posterior wing is broken oil and the cardinal denticidations are 

 barely discernible. 



Dimension,^. — Height of shell : (S. 65) 55 mm. ; (S. 67) c. 35 mm. 

 Length of body (maximum) : (S. 65) 50 mm. Length of hinge- 

 line : (S. 65) 70 mm. ; (S. 67) 37 mm. 



Horizon. — Meadfoot Beds. 



Locality. — Kilmorie (S. 65, ^Q, 67). 



Actinodesma (Glyptodesma) siiberectum sp. nov. Plate XII, Figs. \a-b. 

 Definition. — Shell large, high ; body narrow, nearly erect, sub- 

 triangular, with its sides making an acute angle (about 30 degrees) 

 at the beak ; height about one-third greater than length ; interior 

 margin strongly rounded ; anterior margin nearly straight above, 



^ Goldfas3, Petref. Oerm. IT, p. 117, t. cxvi, fig. \a (non 16) ; Follmann, 

 Verh. Nat. Hist. Verein. Rlieinl., Jahrg. xlii, 1885, p. 197, t. v, fig. 3; Freeh, 

 " Devon. Aviculide " : Abh. geol. spec. kart. Preuss., ix, iii, p. 107, t. viii, 

 figs. 5-7a ; Drevermann, Palceontographica, 1, p. 240 ; Kegel, Abh. Icon, preuss. 

 geol. Lnndesanst., N.F., Ixxvi, 1913, p. 55. 



2 Drevermann, Pah^ontographica, Bd. xlix, p. 83, t. x, fig. 3. 



