Notes on the Brandeshurion Kmne, Yorksliire. 323 



on the one hand, and the " keratophyres " on the other — using the 

 term " keratophyre " in the same sense in which it has been 

 employed in connexion with the Skomer Series. 



In conclusion, I desire to thank all those who have assisted 

 me in the course of the work, in particular Dr. H. H. Thomas, 

 to whom I am indebted for a vast amount of kindness and 

 encouragement, and Mr. J. R. P. Penn, of Poyston, Haverfordwest, 

 for his company in the field. 



Notes on the Brandesburton Kame, Yorkshire. 



By James Phemister, M.A., B.Sc. 

 (PLATE XV.) 

 TN the Geological Magazine for December, 1921, Professor J. W. 

 -■- Gregory has referred to the Brandesburton Kame in a paper 

 dealing with English Kames and Eskers. He jDoints out that further 

 information is required to determine its true nature. The following 

 paper is the result of observations which were made on a visit to 

 Brandesburton in August, 1921. The ridge appears to be a true 

 kame of fluvioglacial character. 



The ridge in question has a length of between 3 and 4 miles, 

 and can be traced in Sheets 196 N.E. and 179 S.E. Ordnance Survey 

 6 m. map. It begiias at Gildholm Hill, fully half a mile south of 

 Brandesburton Church, j^asses 10 degrees north of west through 

 Coneygarth Hill, crosses the Leven-Brandesburton road at Starcarr 

 Gate, takes a north-west direction along Starcarr Hill, turns north 

 at Burshill, and ends just south-east of Hempholme. On the 1 in. 

 map its course is easily traced, as it coincides with the road from 

 Starcarr Gate to Hempholme, the road having probably been made 

 along it owing to the wet nature of the " carr " country through which 

 it passes. " Carr " indicates boggy groimd. Trees or tree-stumps 

 mark a considerable part of its course in the field. The trees have 

 been felled, and the kame greatly lowered by former excavations 

 immediately west of Starcarr Gate. The kame is leased out to con- 

 tractors, and work is in full progress at this part. 



The notes in this paper refer only to Coneygarth Hill and the pit 

 immediately west of Starcarr Gate. 



Coneygarth Hill is a flat-topped, parallel-sided mound, about 

 6 feet high and 60 yards broad. It contaias several depressions 

 which are probably former pits, and at one point rises to a conical 

 hillock about 30 feet above the rest of the ridge. South of the main 

 ridge tvvo small mounds, the larger 100 yards long, run parallel to 

 it. " George " pennies, 232 years old, have been found by workmen 

 in the excavations, indicating that the hill was probably dug for 

 gravel in the eighteenth century. 



Material of Coneygarth Hill. 

 Small gravel is seen at the mouths of rabbit-burrows on the flat 

 top ; towards the eastern end the ejected material is sandier. A 

 pit on the west side of the hUlock shov/s the following section : — 



