TIlc Cretaceous and Tertiary Question in Javiaica. 431 



bed at Providence, near Port Antonio, containing a similar series of 

 lamellibranchs, yields also Hamites and Baculites. The Rudist 

 Limestones are characterized by " Caprinula " gigantea Whitfield. 

 This is the " Hippurite " which Sawkins mentions as occurring 

 7 feet long. At Jerusalem Mountain I collected one 5 feet long, but 

 the generic affinities of this and several other Jamaican Rudistw 

 await a critical investigation. Among other Rudistce at this locality 

 are Radiolites adhaerens Whitfield, Radiolites macro plicatus Whitfield, 

 Radioliles cancellaius Whitfield, Caprina jamaicensis Whitfield, and 

 others. Among the gasteropods are species of Actaeonella and 

 Pterocera. There are also numerous corals and some echinoderms. 

 These limestones close the Cretaceous sequence in this locality. 



The Richmond beds are not present in this section, but at Port 

 Maria the rather scanty and fragmentary Tertiary fossils that occur 

 in the conglomerates of the Richmond beds yield several species 

 of Cerithium and Ampidlina and fragments of Carolia and other 

 lamellibranchs. I saw no trace, however, of Velates, nor of the 

 gigantic Cerithia of the Yellow Limestone, so the Richmond may be 

 older than the Yellow Limestone fauna. The Yellow Limestone 

 everywhere I examined it in the central and western portions of 

 Jamaica contains a definite and very rich and in some parts well- 

 preserved Eocene fauna. The mollusca are sufficient to show this, 

 apart from the evidence of any foraminifera. They include Velates 

 Schmideliana Chemnitz in some variety and in all sizes up to that of 

 a man's fist, Gisortia, Campanile, Clavella, Serapjhs, and numerous 

 forms of Ampullina among the gasteropoda, and Carolia, large 

 Lucinae, and other forms among the lamellibranchs. The fauna 

 strongly recalls that of the lower and middle Eocene of various 

 localities in Europe, North Africa, and Asia. 



Very few, if any, species of the Yellow Limestone mollusca seem 

 to pass up into the White Limestone, although the stratigraphical 

 passage is a gradual one. When one collects Cretaceous and Eocene 

 fossils in Jamaica one is collecting European forms, and the general 

 resemblance of the Jamaican fossil fauna to that of the Old World 

 Tethys fauna persists in the Cretaceous and Eocene up to the top of 

 the Yellow Limestone. Above that, that is to say, from the base of 

 the Montpellier formation upwards the fauna and conditions of 

 deposition seem to conform to the American type. 



