Jones— Orbitordes of Malta and West Indies. 105 
confided to me by Mr. G. P. Wall, F-.G.S. (late of the West In- 
dian Geological Survey). This limestone is largely composed 
of Heterostegine, which, though rather stouter, represent the 
common Maltese species; and it corresponds to the same horizon 
(ammediately beneath the White Limestone) as that of the Shells 
and Corals brought to England by Mr. L. Barrett, and lately 
described by Mr. J. Carrick Moore and Dr. Duncan.* The 
Orbitoidal limestone and flint above-mentioned belong to the 
same horizon, and altogether these fossiliferous rocks of the 
West Indies offer a striking analogy to the Miocene white 
limestone of Malta, rich in closely allied forms of Orbitotdes and 
feterostegine. 
Orbitoides Mantelli, of stronger growth than the variety 
found in Jamaica, Antigua, and Malta, characterizes some of 
the Tertiary beds of Alabama,t Nummulites being absent, it 
is supposed. O. Mantelli occurs also in Sinde, associated with 
Heterostegine and small Nummuline; and there the other In- 
dian form of Orbitoides (O. dispansus, near O. Fortisii) and 
well-developed Nummuline occur abundantly ; but we still want 
exact information as to the stratal relationship of all the Ter- 
tiaries of that region. O. Mantelliis found also in the Tertiary 
beds of New Zealand.t 
The Orbitoides of Continental Europe are all, as far as I 
know, of the O. Fortisti type (as defined by Carpenter, Introd. 
Foram. 1862, p. 299); but I have seen (though I have not at 
hand) a large flexuose Orbitoides from Santander, of which I 
am reminded by the specimens under notice. 
In Europe Orbitoides first appears in the Cretaceous rocks ; 
and, though abundant in some Eocene beds, it is not (I believe) 
associated in the same stratum with Nummulites, except at 
Varna in Bulgaria.§ In Sinde (Dr. Carter, Ann. Nat. Hist., 
1861), Jamaica (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xix. p. 514), 
Trinidad (Mr. Guppy, ‘ Geologist,’ vol. vii. p. 159), and in 
Antigua, Orbitoides and Nummulina are directly associated ; 
and it may be so in many other places. For Jamaica and 
Antigua, however, as in the Vienna Basin, the Nummuline are 
poor (see further on), and do not specially indicate any parti- 
Alveolina-limestone, Crofts, Clarendon ; and Orbitolina-rock, Vere; besides shelly 
and oolitic limestones from Thompson Town and Upper Clarendon. 
* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe., vol. xix. p. 510. 
Y See Lyell on the Orbitoidal Limestone of Alabama; Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 
vol. iv. p. 10,1847. 
¢{ Grotocicat Macazinn, No. 2, p. 75. 
§ I have some polished pieces of limestone in which largish Nwmmuline accom- 
pany Orbitoides; but I do not know whether they are from Europe or India; 
probably, I think, from the latter. 
