130 Reviews— Proceedings of Field-clubs. 
being kept prominently in view. This year Tyneside geology is 
elucidated by a note on some fossil teeth of Horse from Stockton, by 
Mr. J. Hogg, and by two papers by Mr. J. W. Kirkby, and one by 
Messrs. Kirkby and Atthey. 
Fossils are rare in the lower portion of the Magnesian or Permian 
limestone in the neighbourhood of Sunderland ; but Mr. Kirkby ob- 
tained some in a new quarry at Bishopwearmouth, where 68 feet of 
the ‘Lower Limestone,’ the ‘ Marlslate’ (3 feet 7 inches thick), and 
some of the Red Sandstone at its base, were exposed. The fossils 
are :— 
Nautilus Freislebeni, Geis. Chonetes, sp. 
Straparollus planorbites, Ihinster. Fenestella retiformis, Sch/otheim. 
Chiton Loftusianus (?), King. Ichthyorachis anceps, Schiot. 
Leda speluncaria, Geinitz. Cyathocrinus ramosus, Sch/ot. 
Spirifera Uri, Meming. Serpulites anastomosis, sp. nov. 
Camarophoria crumena, Martin. 
Mr. Kirkby remarks that these represent a local fauna, differing 
from all other Permian groups that he knows of; the prevailing 
species being ‘ either wholly new to Britain, or such as are compara- 
tively rare in other localities where they occur, 
The highest beds of the Durham Coal-measures have yielded some 
little fossils to Mr. Kirkby’s careful search—namely a band of minute 
shells in ironstone, a specimen of which, however, had been found 
years since, and preserved in Mr. Vint’s collection at Sunderland, 
though the exact locality was forgotten. Professor Phillips had 
long ago seen that specimen, provisionally and doubtfully referring 
the fossils to Aneylus; Mr. Kirkby thinks it probable that Estheria 
ought to claim them; Mr. Rupert Jones sees no evidence of that 
relationship, but agrees with Mr. Davidson that the little fossils 
belong to Discina. Beyrichia arcuata, Anthracomya acuta, Neuro- 
pteris, Asterophyllites, and Fish-scales accompany Ancylus (?) Vinte 
(Kirkby) in the ironstone. 
Messrs. Kirkby and Atthey treat of numerous fish-remains from 
the Coal-measures of Northumberland and Durham, chiefly found in 
a carbonaceous shale or ‘black stone’ at Newsham Colliery ; and 
they enumerate the following genera as being indicated by these 
fossils :—Rhizodus, Megalichthys, Holoptychius, Acrolepis (?), Pleu- 
racanthus, Orthacanthus, Gyracanthus, Ctenoptychius, Diplodus, 
Ceratodus, Platysomus, Celacanthus, and Paleoniscus, besides 
others, as well as some Mollusca, Insecta, Entomostraca, and 
Annulata. We recollect to have seen in Mr. Atthey’s collection of 
fossils from Newsham a little jaw closely resembling that of one of 
the Reptilia from the Nova-Scotian coal. Rhizodus lanciformis, 
Newberry, Holoptychius sauroides, Agassiz, and Holopiychius, sp. 
indet., have been worked out by the authors, aided by Sir P. Egerton, 
and are illustrated in a lithograph of rare delicacy by T. Brady of 
York. 
Lastly, a short paper, by Mr. G. S. Brady, on the fauna and flora 
of some pools, of different degrees of brackishness, in Hylton Dene, 
near Sunderland, is of considerable importance to geologists. 
