Reports and Proceedings. —- Correspondence. 189 
geological affinity with strata which occur in great force near the 
Rhetian Alps. At the distance of a half-a-mile further along the 
shore the red marls presented a thickness of nearly 100 feet, at 
about 60 feet below the upper limit of which abundance of fibrous 
gypsum (sulphate of lime) occurs in horizontal layers, intersected 
by nearly vertical veins and threads; strontian, too, occasionally 
occurs in this stratum. At this part of the cliff it was observed 
- that the fish-bed resting on pale green marls, which at the southern 
end of the cliff was seen to be very thin, had gradually expanded 
to a thickness of eight or ten inches, and consisted of a conglo- 
merated mass of rounded portions of the subjacent marly sandstone, 
coprolitic nodules, detached vertebrae and other bones of the Plesio- 
saurus, parts of Fishes, especially teeth, and some Shells. It is this 
bed which is famous in all text-books on geology under the name of 
the Aust Bone-bed. 
In the course of the walk three examples of dislocation of the 
strata were seen; the nature of these faults were explained, and they 
were shown to possess all the characteristics of normal faults as 
they occur in coal-mining. Many of the party worked hard with 
hammers and chisels, and were fortunate in obtaining good illustra- 
tions of the Bone-bed, and other specimens. A portion of a vertebra 
and other bones of a Plesiosaurus, a spine-bone of a fish, Wemacan- 
thus; teeth of Ceratodus, Saurichthys, and Hybodus were found, 
together with various fossil shells, as Pecten Valoniensis, Cardium 
Rheticum, Modiola minima, Anatina, Avicula longispinosa—a very 
rare shell in this locality, and Ostrea liassica. 
On the return to the New Passage, that characteristic pheno- 
menon of tidal rivers possessing a rapid down stream, the bore, 
or aeger, was well seen, like a perpendicular wall of water, about 
three feet high, advancing up the river. At the New Passage 
Hotel a most comfortable dinner awaited the party, and when they 
had done justice to it the members returned to Bristol by the 
6.45 p.m. train. 
We understand that the Council of the Society are endeavouring 
to form Geological, Botanical, and Chemical sections, for the special 
advancement and study of these branches of science. ‘The first 
meeting of the next session will take place on the first Thursday in 
October.—W. W. S. 
CORRESPONDENCE. 
——— + - 
ON ESKERS OR KAIMS. 
To the Editor of the GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE. 
Tue Kaims, or Eskers, as we call them in Ireland, seem to be 
receiving attention, as I find them mentioned in nearly every recent 
geological publication ;* but the observers all seem to examine only 
* See GrotocicaL Macazinn, No. 1, pp. 34, 45; and No, 2, p. 89. 
