242 Discovery of a Cranium of Elephas primigenius. 
between Thame and Oxford; at Swathling, near Southampton; 
at Ilford and Ballingdon, in Essex ; at Bridlington, in Yorkshire ; 
at Leighton Buzzard, in Bedfordshire; in brick-earth, beneath 
gravel, near Newport, Isle of Wight; in a turbary at Holyhead 
Harbour ; at Crayford, Erith, and Aylesford, in Kent; in’ an excava- 
tion in the Old Kent Road: they have been dredged up by fishermen 
off Dungeness, Kent, and off Hasboro’ on the Norfolk coast; they 
are also met with at Bracklesham Bay, near Selsey, and in the Forest- 
bed at Mundesley, Bacton, and Cromer, in Norfolk.* In all these 
localities detached remains of the Mammoth have been found, con- 
sisting of the more solid portions of the skeleton, such as the lower 
jaw, and the upper and lower molars, the tusks, the vertebra, and 
the leg-bones. Many such examples are to be seen in the extensive 
collection of Elephant-remains in the British Museum. 
But though more or less fragmentary relics are thus met with, 
it is only within the past month that a nearly perfect cranium, with 
the tusks, has been for the first time obtained in this country. 
The ‘Athenzum’ of the 15th October, in referring to the dis- 
covery, remarks—‘ No such perfect skull of the true Mammoth has 
ever been found in England, nor anything comparable with this im- 
portant example, so far as we are aware, except it may be the fine 
fossil Elephant in the Chichester Museum, a specimen of which we 
have heard, but have not seen.’ My colleague, Mr. W. H. Coxe of the 
Department of Antiquities, having lately visited Chichester, obligingly 
informs me that this specimen was obtained from near Selsey, and 
consists of—one tusk 9 feet in length, a detached molar, the upper 
molars in sité, with remains of the cranium much broken; also por- 
tions of the pelvis, scapula, and femur, probably belonging to the 
same individual. ‘The remains are labelled Klephas antiquus f (an 
older species); and, as we have no positive evidence to the contrary, 
we may still consider our Ilford specimen unique. : 
The Museum authorities are indebted to Antonio Brady, Esq., for 
the first information of this discovery, and to William Hill, Esq., the 
proprietor of the Uphall Brickfield, who very liberally allowed them 
to take possession of it. I had, in company with Mr. W. Davies, of 
the Geological Department, the opportunity of seeing it tz sité ; and 
it was entirely owing to his skill and judgment that it was removed 
from the matrix entire and brought away in safety. The specimen 
was discovered by the workmen at 15 feet beneath the surface, asso- 
ciated with remains of Bos primigenius (?), Rhinoceros tichorhinus, 
and numerous shells of Cyrena fiuminalis and Anodon. 
It is evident that the skull belonged to an aged individual, by its 
having cut its last pair of molars, and by these having been con- 
siderably worn. Of the upper molars 18 lamin remain, 11 of which 
have been used; several of the front laminz have been worn entirely 
away. The entire right tusk had been detached, with a portion of 
the socket, before it was finally enveloped in the sands and brick- 
* See scattered notices in the ‘Geologist’ and other periodicals. 
f~ See GroLocican Macazine, No. 3, p. 140. 
