58 R. M. Brydoiie — Stages of the Upper Chalk. 



were, I believe, found before the range and characters of A. granulatua 

 were fully realized and were recorded in fact as A. quadratus simply on 

 the strength of their granulation and general horizon. These records 

 were, I believe, gradually transmuted into A . granulatus in consequence 

 of an impression which prevailed for some time, as the result of 

 putting together — 



(1) Dr. Rowe's statement that all the Belemnites found by him in 



the old zone of A. quadratus on the Sussex coast proved to be 

 A. granulatus, and 



(2) My own knowledge that the Sussex coast sections included 



not only veiy long exposures of the whole of the zone of 

 0. pilula, but also very considerable exposures of the lower 

 part of the restricted zone of A. quadratics, 

 that A. quadratus did not extend outside the restricted zone of 

 A. quadratus, and was probably limited to the upper part of even that 

 restricted zone, and that any Actmocamax from any lower horizon was 

 presumably A. granulatus. When therefore I came to prepare the 

 table of fossils in " The Zones of the Chalk in Hants" the material 

 supplied to me included these four specimens as A. granulatus, and 

 I tabulated them as such on the principle enumerated in the 

 second paragraph of the introduction to the table. One of these 

 specimens has since been demonstrated to come from a pit in the 

 restricted zone of A. quadratus and so was probably really an 

 A. quadratus, and if really an A. granulatus does not assist the 

 theory of distinct ranges for these two Belemnites ; and of the other 

 three records one is a traditional record before 1890 from a pit now 

 known to include the base of the restricted zone of A. quadratus, 

 another is based on a specimen not sufficiently complete to be 

 positively identified, and the third on a specimen that has lo7ig been 

 lost sight of. These records do not therefore constitute any reliable 

 evidence on the present question. 



But whether Mr. Jukes-Browne was or was not relying partly on 

 them, 1 regard the suggestion with dismay. My personal experience 

 in Hants corresponds exactly with that experience of Dr. Blackmore 

 in Wilts which Mr. Jukes-Browne (naturally) characterizes as 

 exceptional, and I have two specimens from Sussex which I expect 

 to ])rove that there also A. quadratus ranged down at least into 

 the upper division of the zone of 0. pilula and probably also into 

 the lower, and I possess no evidence that A. granulatus occurs in the 

 upper division of the zone of 0. pilula. 



But even if there are areas in which the boundary dividing the zone 

 of 0. pilula from the restricted zone of A. quadratus does seem to 

 correspond with a line dividing the range of A. granulatus from that 

 of A. quadratus, the contrary evidence of Hants and Wilts does not 

 stand alone. A single pit at Bramford, near Ipswich, has yielded 

 A. granulatus (determined by Mr. Jukes-Browne himself and recorded 

 by him in The Cretaceous Roclcs of Britain, vol. iii, p. 246) and 

 Belemnitella mucronata (found by me, determined by Dr. Blackmore, 

 and included by Mr. Jukes-Browne in the table on p. 247 of the 

 last-mentioned work). There is therefore a possibility that the 

 range of A. gramdatus, already known to be a very long one, may 



