88 Revieivs — Geology of WincJtester and Stockbridge. 



penetrating them is a strong argument in its favour — then the 

 contained nodules (in which a doubtful Viviparus as well as the wood 

 and leaves has been found) must be derived from tlie disintegration 

 of some interbasaltic zone. 



II. — Geological Survey of Geeat Britain. 

 Geology of the Country around Winchester and Stockbridge. 

 By H. J. Osborne White, F.G.S. pp. iv, 89, with 12 text- 

 illustrations. 1912. Price 1.9. Qd. 

 rilHIS latest, ably written memoir by Mr. Osborne White is con- 

 1_ cerned with an area of which the greater part is in western 

 Hampshire and the rest in south-east Wiltshire, Stockbridge occupying 

 a central position, while Winchester is in tbe south-east. The oldest 

 formation exposed is the Lower Chalk, which is seen around Chilcomb 

 in the south-eastern corner. The rest of the succession of the Chalk, 

 to the zone of Belemnitella mucronata, occupies the greater part of the 

 area, and Eocene beds extend over part of the southern portion. 



roUowing a general account of each division of the Chalk, full 

 details of the exposures are given, and a long ami useful list of fossils 

 is added. It is doubtful whether the zone of ' Schloenbachta' varians 

 comes to the surface, but its existence is proved by two borings ; and 

 the outcrop of the Middle Chalk seems to be confined to a small area 

 round Chilcomb. As is well known, the Chalk Bock (called by 

 Mr. White the subzone of Heteroceras 7-eiissianum) of this area does 

 not present the peculiar lithology that characterizes it in other 

 districts, but its fauna, which comes in a few feet above the base of 

 the Holaster planus zone, has been found round Winchester and at 

 Stockbridge. Only the lowest beds of the Belemnitella mucronata 

 zone are present, and probably the thickness of these does not exceed 

 50 feet in the aggregate. 



Clays, sands, and pebble-beds make up the Beading Beds as 

 developed south-west of Winchester, and of these the Bottom-bed is 

 the only C(mstant member. The junction of these beds with the 

 Chalk is well seen in the railway section near Kimbridge, described 

 by Sir J. Prestwich. The London Clay is in this area about one-third 

 its thickness at Southampton, but, as the author shows, the northward 

 thinning is only apparent; and the Basement-bed is not so prominent 

 as in the London district. No good exposure of the junction of tlie 

 London Clay with the Bagshot Sands has been observed. Near the 

 River Test these Lower Bagshot Beds consist chiefly of yellow and 

 buif fine-grained sands with layers of impure pipe-clay and of flint 

 pebbles. Of the Bracklesham Series only the lowest beds are exposed 

 in this area, and these consist of light-coloured sands and glauconitic 

 loams in which drift-wood and remains of marine shells are sometimes 

 found. 



Having considered the Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks, the author 

 gives an instructive cliapter on the tectonic structure and land forms, 

 and describes the three well-marked anticlines of Stockbridge, 

 Winchester, and Dean Hill. He then considers the superficial deposits 

 — the clay-with-flints, the gravels, and the alluvium. From the 



