Reviews — Geol. Surv. Scotland — Oil-Shales, Lothians. 129 



In this book, however, we find so vast an amount of detail that 

 a consideration of its full merits is not feasible in the space at our 

 disposal. It remains only to add that the volume must at once take 

 its place as a standard work of reference. 



VI. — Geological Sukvey of Scotland. 

 The Oil-Shales ov the Lothians. Part I : The Geologt of the 

 Oil-Shale Fields. By R. G. Carrtjtheks, based on the work of 

 H. M. Cadell and J. S. Grant Wilson. — Part II : Methods of 

 WORKING THE Oil-Shales. By W. Caldwell. — Part III : The 

 Chemistry of the Oil-Shales. By D. R. Steuart. Second 

 edition, pp. xii, 199, with 83 text-illustrations and 3 plates. 

 Printed for His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1912.. Price 2.9. %d. 



f MHE former edition of this work was published in 1906 ; and that 

 JL the public appreciate a memoir having important practical 

 applications is shown by the issue of a revised edition. Owing to 

 the death of Mr. Grant Wilson the geological part of the memoir has 

 been revised by Mr. Carruthers, who has added much new information 

 relating to the later boring operations and the extensive mining 

 developments. 



The Oil-shale Group occurs in the Calciferous Sandstone Series, 

 and includes six important seams of oil-shale, interstratified with beds 

 of sandstone, shale, fireclay, marl, and estuarine limestones. The 

 Oil-shale Group, more than 3,000 feet in thickness, forms the upper 

 division of the Calciferous Sandstone Series ; the lower or Cement- 

 stone Group has not at present yielded any oil-shales. The distribution 

 of the strata is well shown on a colour-printed geological map, on the 

 scale of an inch to two miles. 



Among some of the new points to which attention is directed, are 

 the separation of the Barracks and Burdiehouse Limestones ; the 

 recognition of the zonal value of certain horizons, especially two 

 bands of marine fossils, the Mungle and Pumpherston shell beds, 

 which have been proved to extend over the whole oil-shale field ; and 

 the demonstration that the teschenite sills are generally restricted 

 to particular horizons, while the quartz-dolerite sheets are more 

 irregular in their occurrence. A plate showing the most characteristic 

 fossils has been added, together with notes dealing with their value 

 to the mining engineers. Most of the longitudinal sections have been 

 re-drawn and some new ones inserted, while the plate of vertical 

 sections has been revised. 



The accounts of the mining and manufacturing processes have been 

 brought up to date by Messrs. Caldwell and Steuart. The products 

 include naphtha, various oils, paraffin, grease, still coke, and sulphate 

 of ammonia (for manui'e). 



YII. Bulletins op the United States Geological SuRVEr. — In this 

 memoir, jS'o. 492, Dr. G. F. Loughlin discusses fully the gabbros and 

 associated rocks, covering a quadrangular area of about 102 square 

 miles, at Preston in the eastern crystalline rocks of Connecticut. The 



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