Obituary — Russell Frost Gwinnell. 191 



together as beads, and he supposed the hole in the centre to have been 

 artificial. Some of these round bodies are found entire in the chalk 

 and in the gravel, others have a hole passing through them, and 

 sometimes one or two holes penetrating some way in from the surface, 

 and not extending to the other side. Others, like b in Figure, have 

 a large cavity, which has a very artificial aspect. It is impossible to 

 decide whether they have or have not served as personal ornaments, 

 recommended by their globular form, lightness, and by being less 

 destructible than ordinar^^ chalk. Granting that there were natural 

 cavities in the axis of some of them, it does not follow that these 

 may not have been taken advantage of for stringing them as beads, 

 while others may have been artificially bored through. Dr. Rigollot's 

 argument in favour of them having been used as necklaces or 

 bracelets appears to me a sound one. He says he often found small 

 heaps or groups of them in one place, all perforated, just as if, when 

 swept into the river's bed by a flood, the bond or string which had 

 united them together remained unbroken.^ " 



Kingston Eectory, 



Cambkidge. 



J. T. Banton. 



OBITTJ-A-E,"^-. 



RUSSELL FROST GWINNELL, 



B.Sc, Assoc. E.G. Sci., F.G.S. 



BoKN Apeil 21, 1880. Died March 15, 1913. 



We deeply regret to record the death of Mr. E,. F. Gwinnell, at 



the early age of 33 years. He had been for some years Demonstrator 



in Geology under Professor W. W. Watts, F.R.S., in the Imperial 



College of Science and Technology, South Kensington, and also an 



Examiner in Geology to the Board of Education. Mr. R, F. Gwinnell 



was a bachelor living at home with his parents, his father, Mr.Wintour 



F. Gwinnell, B.Sc, F.G.S. , 34 Barrowgate Road, Chiswick, W., 



being a well-known University ' coach ' and an accomplished science 



teacher of lone: standing;. 



MALCOLM POIGNAND. 

 Born 1850. ' Died March 2, 1913. 



We regret to record the death on March 2, in his 63rd year, of 

 Dr. Malcolm Poignand, of the Beeches, Walsh am-le- Willows, Suffolk. 

 He was a member of the Geologists' Association, and took an active 

 interest in geology, having collected many fossils from the Jurassic 

 strata of Dorset and other formations, some of his specimens being 

 referred to in the Proceedings of the Association (vol. ix, p. 204). 

 He received his medical education at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 

 and subsequently at Aberdeen University, where he took the degree 

 of M.D. in 1878. 



"^ Rigollot, Memoirs sur des Instruments en Silex, etc., p. 16. Amiens, 

 1854." 



