Joseph Mawson — The Cretaceous of Bahia, Brazil. 359 



Reappearance of Strata. 



The formation at Setubal, consisting of pebbly shale, sandstone, 

 and loosely compacted gravel, rolled or gritty, intermixed with layers 

 of yellow and blue mudstone, is exactly reproduced about 2 miles 

 further along the beach at the last headland before San Thome de 

 Paripe, and in both places is fossiliferous, containing crocodilian and 

 other teeth, scales of fishes, etc. There is a considerable resemblance 

 to these in the beds under the fort at Montserrat, and again in those 

 between Plataforma station and the viaduct, which are likewise 

 fossil-bearing. 



Tertiary Sandstone.^ 



Boulders of this coarse gritty brown sandstone are found also on 

 the taloleiros on the Timbo Railway, beyond Alagoinhas as far as 

 km. 33. The writer has examined many hundred blocks of this stone 

 at Sitio Novo and other localities, but has failed to find any trace of 

 fossils except, on one occasion, what appeared to be the impression 

 of a reed or other coarse plant. Some of these boulders have smooth 

 cylindrical holes an inch or more in diameter and a foot or more in 

 depth, which generally occur singly. Their origin is unknown. 



Periperi Tumiel, north end. Km. 11-12. 

 A. black modern sandy soil, full of shells of molluscs, about 15 feet 

 above the present beach, calls to mind an apparently similar formation 

 in the island of Itaparica described by Mr. Rathbun ; and in view of 

 the interesting particulars given by him it is probable that the 

 Periperi bed would repay the labour of a closer examination. Some 

 of the shells are in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). 



Cretaceous or Tertiary. 

 Above Agua Comprida station, km. 30 to 69 (Matta S. Joao), 

 the formations met with on the line are, in general. Tertiary or Post- 

 Tertiary, as described by Hartt ; but the following occurrence appears 

 to be doubtful : Above Camassari, at km. 50, a cutting shows 

 a heavy bed of decomposing conglomerate, resting apparently on 

 a kaolin-like clay, and from this place to km. 59 there are various 

 exposures of the same decomposing conglomerate, overlying compact, 

 sometimes clayey sands, purple, yellow, and pink, with a north-west 

 or west dip. Above km. 60, beyond Feira Velha, there is a remarkably 

 clear outcrop, about 20 feet high, of these variegated friable sands 

 in well-defined parallel layers of from 6 or 8 inches to 3 feet, in the 

 following order — 



Bright warm yellow sand. 



Purplish clayey sand. 



Cool yellow sand. 



Dark-pink (thin) muddy sand. 



Eeddish sand. 



Yellow sand. 



These bands have a very clear strong dip west to north-west. If 

 more recent than Cretaceous, they seem to be woi'th describing on 

 that account. I have not found fossils in any of the strata or in the 



^ See Hartt, op. cit., p. 367, 



