468 Reviews — 3fines in the Lake District. 



the Chalk was proved to be 1,050 (possibly 1,055) feet thick; and 

 it is interesting to note that at Norwich in Column's Well a thickness 

 of 1,152 feet of Chalk was proved, but not quite the full local 

 thickness, there being some 35 or 40 feet of Chalk in the bordering 

 hills not passed through. The occurrence of 1 1 feet of Upper 

 Greensand is also of interest, as this formation (6 feet thick) was also 

 recognized in the Norwich boring. Below the depth of 1,627 feet 

 at Lowestoft, beneath Gault and Lower Greensand, there were 

 205 feet of pale mudstones, regarded as "Cambrian or Ordovician, 

 probably the former". They yielded fragmentary remains of Lingula 

 and Orbiculoidea. Water was obtained from the Lower Greensand, 

 but the quality was medicinal. 



At Batsford, or Lower Lemington, near Moreton-in-the-Marsh, the 

 boring was carried out in 1901-4 by a Coal Syndicate. Coal-measures 

 were reached at a depth of 1,02H feet, but at the depth of 1,546 feet 

 Silurian rocks were encountered. The Coal-measures were not of 

 productive character, but it is possible that productive beds occur in 

 the vicinity in proximity to Silurian rocks, as they do in the South 

 Staffordshii-e Coal-field. 



Another article of practical importance is on "The Copper Lodes 

 of Inveryne and Kilfinan, Argyllshire", by Mr. C. T. Clough. 



II. — Mines and Mining in the (English) Lake District. By 

 John PosTLETHWAiTE, F.G.S., Assoc. M.Inst. M.E. 3rd ed. 8vo ; 

 pp. xii, 164, with geological map, 15 plates, and 29 other 

 illustrations. Whitehaven: W. H. Moss and Sons, Ltd., 1913. 

 Price 3s. 6rf. net. 

 rf^HE first edition of this work, issued in 1877, was favourably 

 J_ reviewed by John Morris in the Geological Magazine for 1878, 

 p. 317; and a second and enlarged edition was published in 1889. 

 In the present work much has been added, references being inserted 

 to the later geological publications, together with lists of fossils and 

 illustrations of a number of them. It would be Avell in a future 

 edition to have the aid of a palaeontologist in dealing with the names 

 of species and the use of capital letters, etc. The main object of the 

 work is, however, to describe the minerals and the mines, a practical 

 and scientific subject with which the author is especially qualified to 

 deal ; and he has now added a considerable number of plans and 

 sections of mines and veins, and some excellent views of quarries. 

 Historical accounts of the coal-mining in Cumberland, and of the 

 iron-mining in Cumberland and Furness, are given ; and a synopsis 

 of the State Papers relating to the mines in Newlands and the 

 Smelting Works at Keswick (1547-80) has been appended. There 

 is unfortunately no general index, and the illustrations are not 

 systematically numbered; but the table of contents is full, and may 

 suffice for the many who will appreciate the copious practical 

 information. 



