Reviews — Mineral Kingdom — World's Minerals. 565 



Particulars are given of the fiards of Sweden, the sea-lochs and 

 freshwater lochs of Scotland, and of drowned valleys in regions too 

 numerous to mention. Canons, rock-basins, and various problems of 

 glacial erosion are also discussed, so that the author has supplied 

 much material of profound geological interest, and much in support 

 of his contention that fiords owe their main features to earth- 

 movements. 



II. — (1) The Mineral Kingdom. By Dr. Reinhaed BnAtrNS, 

 Professor of Mineralogy in the University of Bonn. Translated, 

 with additions, by L. J. Spencek, M.A., F.G.S., Mineral Depart- 

 ment of the British Museum. 4to ; in 25 parts, pp. 432, with 

 91 plates (73 of which are coloured) and 275 text-figures. 

 Stuttgart, Fritz Lehmann and afterwards J. F. Schreiber ; 

 London, Williams & Norgate ; 1908-12. Price 2s. per part and 

 £2 16s. for the bound volume. 

 (2) The World's Minerals. By Leonard J. Spencer, M.A., 

 F.G.S. (editor of the Mineralogical Magazine), Mineral Department, 

 British Museum. 8vo ; pp. 212, with 40 coloured plates and 

 21 diagrams. London and Edinburgh : W. & E. Chambers, 

 Ltd., 1911. Price 3s. Qd.; American edition $2.00. 



TWO works on minerailogy have recently appeared, both bearing the 

 name of L. J. Spencer, M.A., F.G.S. , u):)on their title-pages. 

 For the smaller of these volumes, The WorWs Minerals, Mr. Spencer 

 is alone responsible. But the larger work. The Mineral Kingdom, 

 published in quarto form in twenty-five pai'ts, now completed, is an 

 English version of Dr. Heinhard Brauns's Miner air eich, translated, 

 with additions, by Mr. Spencer. These two names standing together 

 upon the title-page suffice to vouch for the excellence of the volume. 



A former work by Dr. M. 'Qs.\xe.v,EdelsteinTcunde, 1896, also translated 

 by Mr. Spencer, Precious Stones, 1904, having been now for some 

 years in the hands of English students, has become a standard book 

 for those who work in precious stones. 



The Mineral Kingdom contains ninety-one plates, seventy-three 

 being coloured ; these give excellent representations of the various 

 minerals. It seems almost a pity, from the artistic standpoint, to 

 heighten the coloured figures of metallic ores by gilding and silvering, 

 when such beautiful results are obtained by the modern photographic 

 reproductions without gilding, although it is certainly very skilfully 

 introduced in this work. The plates will be of great practical value, 

 particularly to those workers whose opportunities do not enable them 

 to consult actual specimens in public collections. In addition there 

 are 275 figures in the text which greatly increase the value and utility 

 of the book to any one whose work or pursuits bring them in touch 

 with some branch of mineralogy. It is interestingly written, and the 

 explanations are clear and easy to understand. In addition to a full 

 description of each mineral species, the dates of their discovery, 

 methods of identification, testing, and working, economic uses and 

 geographical distribution, all find a place in these pages. 



The classification of minerals is somewhat unusual. The Mineral 

 Kingdom being divided into four great parts. The first of these 



