DRAINAGE OF THE SANTA CLARA VALLEY 7. 
streams which are now cutting into them. In the Santa Clara Valley 
every considerable stream that enters it, whether from the Mount 
Hamilton or the Santa Cruz range, has a broad alluvial fan where it 
emerges on the plain. ‘The same thing is true of the streams flowing 
into the San Joaquin Valley, whether from the Mount Hamilton or 
from the Sierra side. It may be objected that the theory of the 
greater activity of the streams requires a change of climate. But 
no change is assumed other than such as would be produced by an 
elevation of the region. 
The submerged valleys of the coast of California figured by Pro- 
fessor George Davidson in his paper on this subject? show that the 
coast must have stood much higher when those valleys were cut 
than it does at present. ‘The reduced charts published by Professor 
Davidson in his article upon the submerged valleys of the coast show 
the following minimum elevations required in order that these valleys 
should again become dry land. 
ING aie Sate DiCSOn wwe) ek en MOY ate eapemusoW is, a2 cule MOVE 3 OOOMEeEL 
iNeatwoantasMionicagen pcs ymcuom Eee eras Gao cae OVET® TD 2OOnI 
INearaeonteMiuicerereucpees aes Ue coder sans -giietct tims en at se oats cp wee sy GOVETS2;A00W 
Hasiqoisanacapaislandiy aia esate neuen ge ee Wee abouta- Sool. 
Sancarecatalinagislandere wane ecm) yet une | ince amen 1S. NOVET Th SOO= 
Santa @ruz Channel 9 2 3 = TE OVET IT SOOM 
King Peak submerged valley, south ai Chips Mendocino © ae) OVET 23400) F5 
Spanish Flat Valley, south of Cape Mendocino . . . . . over1,800 “ 
Punta Gorda Valley, south of Cape Mendocino .. . . over3,500 “ 
Near Capes Viendocinon las We, ems Oe) area ay lite ee OVELL2ACOL 4 
Gammel aR aygre y errsaes Moe i ies no taint acomivey) ou smitty Gh in OVET) 31 OOONL 
INomteTe ye DAVE et or Wyse sec) eerie ea) ou cans over 3,600 “ 
The dendritic topography of these See ve shown by 
the hydrographic charts is so characteristic of land forms produced 
by stream erosions that there seems no escaping the conclusion that 
they were formed when the region was out of water. There are not 
always soundings enough to show the topography very far from the 
shore, and in all cases we seem to have discovered only the upper 
ends of these submerged valleys. 
At the Bay of Monterey, Carmel Bay, and near San Diego, how- 
1 Proceedings of the California Academy oj Sciences, 3d ser., ‘“Geology,” Vol. I 
(1897), PP. 73-103. 
