236 ORVILLE A. DERBY 
c) A marine group, represented in Pernambuco, Para, Parahyba 
(?), and Rio Grande do Norte (?), with a molluscan fauna showing 
strong Tertiary affinities, but containing several representatives of 
the fauna of group No. tr. 
Unconformability (?). 
d) Soft particolored sandstones and clays without known fossils, 
that practically cover the whole marine belt from Espirito Santo to 
Para. 
e) Soft red sandstones with intercallated clay layers containing 
fossil leaves of Pliocene (?) age, represented in Bahia and Sergipe ( ?) 
in a limited area to the northward of the bay of Bahia. 
7. To the southward of Cape St. Roque the Cretaceous coast- 
line was not very different from the present one, but lay in places 
somewhat farther inland, and in others somewhat farther seaward 
on the submerged border of the continent. Later (if the Tertiary ( ?) 
beds prove to be marine) the coast-line swung considerably farther 
inland. To the northward of Cape St. Roque the Cretaceous coast- 
line was much more different from the present one. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY 
1. Sprxand Martius. Reisein Brasilien. (Munich, 1823-31.) 
2. EscHweGe, W. L. Beitrige zur Gebirgskunde Brasiliens, pp. 387-95. 
(Berlin, 1832.) 
3. Pissts, A. Memoire sur la position géologique des terrains de la partie 
australe du Brésil etc.”” Mémoires de l’ Institut de France, Vol. X, pp. 
398, 399. (Paris, 1842.) 
. Hartt, C.F. Geology and Physical Geography of Brazil. (Boston, 1870.) 
. Attport, S. ‘On the Discovery of Some Fossil Remains near Bahia in 
South America. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, Vol. XVI, 
pp. 263-66. (London, 1850.) 
6. Rarapun, RicHarp. ‘Preliminary Report on the Cretaceous Lamelli- 
branches Collected in the Vicinity of Pernambuco, Brazil, etc.” Pro- 
ceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, pp. 241-56. (Boston, 
1875.) 
1 The absence of late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic strata in the coastal region of 
this section, together with the occurrence of Mesozoic (?) beds at the Abrolhos near 
the margin of the submerged continental border, suggests the hypothesis that from 
early Paleozoic to middle or late Mesozoic times the land area extended to near this 
a 
margin, and that a transgression then occurred which established marine and estuarine 
conditions over a broad belt of which only remnants now remain. 
