PLEISTOCENE FLORA OF NORTH CAROLINA 345 
CRATAEGUS COCCINEAFOLIA sp. nov. 
Based on leaves and thorns preserved in the lignitic layers, and so 
like those of the modern scarlet thorn, Crataegus coccinea L., that 
further specific characterization is unnecessary at this time. 
It is probable that both this and the preceding still exist, but since 
the modern thorns have been segregated into such a maze of species, 
it was not thought profitable to attempt any closer identification of 
these two Pleistocene forms. 
Sapindales 
“ILEx opaca Ait. 
Hollick, Bulletin of Torrey Club, Vol. XTX (1892), p. 331. 
Based on two characteristic leaves from station 850. Recorded 
by Hollick along with Ilex cassine L. from Bridgeton, N. J. 
The genus is an old one, ranging back to the Mid-Cretaceous, and 
apparently somewhat composite in character. A species of the 
Prinos section is recorded from the Pleistocene of Kentucky, and the 
genus is also represented in the European Pleistocene. 
Rhamnales 
VITIS SP. 
This occurrence is based on a tendril preserved at station 850. 
Grapes were apparently common during the Pleistocene, although 
heretofore represented only by their very characteristic seeds, which 
have been recorded by the writer from the Virginia Pleistocene, and 
by Hollick from four different localities in the Maryland Pleistocene. 
Two Pleistocene species are recorded from Europe. 
Thymeleales 
PERSEA PUBESCENS (Pursh) Sargent. 
This southern swamp form is represented by two leaves from 
station 850. 
Umbellales 
NYSsSA BIFLORA Walt. 
Berry, Torreya, Vol. VI (1906), p. go. 
Hollick, Maryland Geological Survey, Pliocene and Pleistocene (1906), p. 235, 
Plate 69, Fig. 5. 
Nyssa caroliniana Poir: Hollick, Bulletin of Torrey Club, Vol. XIX (1892), 
Pp. 331. 
