528 A. C. VEATCH 
PRESENT USAGE OF THE TERM ‘“‘ LARAMIE” 
The three principal usages of the term “Laramie” today are 
shown in the recent textbook of geology by Chamberlin and Salisbury. 
Here ‘‘ Laramie series” is applied to all the beds between the Mon- 
tana and Fort Union. . Upper Laramie and Lower -Laramie or 
‘Laramie proper” are applied respectively to the beds above and 
below the great unconformity, first shown by Cross to exist in the 
Denver region, then found by Weed in western Montana, in 1905 
found in southern Uinta County, Wyoming, by the writer, and traced 
northward by Dr. Schultz in 1906 to a point just south of Yellowstone 
National Park, and again found in 1906, most strikingly developed, in 
Carbon County, Wyoming, in the western part of the Laramie Plains. 
The Lower Laramie has also been called ‘‘true Laramie,’ and some- 
times simply Laramie. The complexness of the situation is excel- 
lently illustrated by the use of “Laramie” by Stanton and Knowlton 
in seven different combinations on a single page of their report, namely 
‘“‘Taramie series,” ‘true Laramie,” ‘so-called Laramie,” ‘‘ori- 
ginal Laramie,” ‘typical Laramie,” ‘“‘the Laramie,” ‘“‘supposed true 
yo) & 
99 66 
Laramie. 
Because of the frequent and necessary reference to the upper and 
lower divisions in the present discussion, the names “‘ Upper Laramie” 
and ‘‘Lower Laramie” will be applied in this discussion in the sense 
used by Chamberlin and Salisbury, and in other geologic literature. 
KING’S STATEMENT 
A critical historical consideration of the origin of the word “ Lar- 
amie,” which may be expected to lead to some scientifically defensible 
conclusion regarding what the term can and cannot be properly used 
for, may very naturally begin with King’s explanation in his System- 
atic Geology oj the Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. King here 
makes three important references to the subject, which because of 
their intimate bearing on this discussion are quoted at length: 
Conformably overlying the Fox Hill group of Hayden is a considerable series 
of rocks over which a conflict of opinion now exists. These rocks Dr. Hayden 
has successively considered as Tertiary and as transitional between the Cretaceous 
« “Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Laramie and Later Formations in Wyom- 
ing,” Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol. VIII (1897), p. 128. 
