REVIEWS 
Reports on Geological Investigation. By Battey Wiis. Includes: 
“Geological Exploration in Eastern China,” ‘‘Studies in 
Europe,” ‘‘Geological Research in Continental Histories,’ and 
‘Artesian Water Conditions at Pekin, China.”’ Washington, 
D.C. Extract from the Fourth Year Book of the Carnegie 
Institution of Washington, 1906. Pp. 192-220. 
This paper gives the preliminary results of the author’s duties, and his 
plans for extensive investigation in the future. In Europe he recognizes 
two general types of mountains: ‘‘(@) The mountains of central Germany 
and northern Austria, which were folded at the close of the Paleozoic, 
were eroded to a peneplain during the Cretaceous, and have since passed 
through a complex history of warping and erosion; and (}) mountains of 
the Karpathian type, which were folded during the Tertiary, were sub- 
sequently eroded to a surface of mature topography, still retaining marked 
relief, and have since been strongly warped, in some cases before the close 
of the Tertiary, in others during Quaternary time.’”’ The Appalachians 
belong in class (a), the Himalaya probably in class (0). 
The systematic gathering and publication of existing data on continental 
histories will be a great boon to science. ‘The problems outlined seem to 
be largely those set forth in the recent work on geology by Chamberlin and 
Salisbury. Willis’ conclusions, and the development or alteration he may 
make in the theories of these authors, will be eagerly awaited by all delvers 
in philosophical geology. C. W. W. 
The Geology of Southern Rhodesia. By F. P. MENNELL, Rhodesia 
Museum, Bulawayo. Special Report No. 2. Bulawayo, 1904. 
Pp. 42; 11 figs. and geological map. 
This report embraces Mashonaland and Matabeleland, or that part of 
the Chartered Company’s territory which is south of the Zambesi River. 
The geology is, in many respects, similar to that of the interior of North 
America. 
The Archean consists of schists and gneiss derived from both sedimen- 
tary and igneous material. The great granitic masses occupying nearly 
one-third of the territory and formerly regarded as part of the Archean are 
shown to be intrusive batholiths. 
597 
