REVIEWS 605 
The Origin and Structure of the Roxbury Conglomerate. By GEORGE 
RoGERS MANSFIELD. Cambridge, Mass., 1906. (Bulletin of the 
Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, Vol. XLIX; Geological Series, 
Vole VIE INO: 4% pps 92-271.) 
The Roxbury Conglomerate is a series of sediments 5,000 to 12,000 feet 
thick in and adjacent to the Boston Basin, composed largely of coarse con- 
glomerate, with some sandstone and shale. It is probaply of Carbon- 
iferous age. 
After a careful analysis of the evidence “‘largely negative and unsatis- 
tory,” the author favors a hypothesis of non-marine origin. ‘‘Glaciers ° 
were not directly concerned with the deposition of the conglomerate, but 
they probably furnished material to the torrents, by which it was deposited.” 
High grades and mountainous condition prevailed about the area of depo- 
sition. 
A useful part of the paper is an analytical discussion (45 pages) of the 
origin of conglomerates in which the known kinds of evidence are classified, 
described, and weighed. C. W. W. 
Paleontology oj the Malone Jurassic Formation of Texas. By FRAN- 
cis WHITTEMORE CRAGIN. Washington, D. C., 1905. (U. S. 
Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 266.) Pp. 109, 29 plates. 
In western Texas at Malone Mountain, there are deformed upper 
Jurassic strata of gypsum, conglomerate,. limestone, and shale. The 
marine fauna is rich and practically identical with that of a number of 
Mexican localities that lie in line with the Malone occurrence. Many 
new species are described and figured, including some ammonites that 
are unfortunately without figures of septa. Cephalopods are not abundant, 
but the few forms present are decisively upper Jurassic. 
The reviewer takes interest in noting that this fauna contains elements, 
related if not ancestral, to elements in the Pacific Coast Upper Cretaceous, 
and other elements that have relatives in the succeeding Lower Cretaceous. 
beds of Texas. ; C. W. W. 
Recent Cave Explorations in California. By. JOHN C. MERRIAM. 
Reprint from American Anthropologist (N.S.), Vol. VIII, No. 2, 
April-June 1906, pp. 221-28. 
Dr. Merriam describes the fossils and deposits in four California caves. 
In the Potter Creek cave, which was formed at the same time as a terrace 
now 800 feet above the McCloud River, there is about 25 feet of fossil- 
