46 WARREN D. SMITH 
many things having been explained as due to the topography of 
the country that have really been very little affected by it, still it 
is certain that physiography is a factor of considerable importance. 
We know as yet too little about the wild tribes of the Philippines 
and too little of the topography of the country, in some parts, to 
make it safe to dogmatize much at this time. However, a few 
general statements may be made, which are to be taken as tenta- 
tive, and (like a railroad schedule) are subject to change. 
If we examine again the census map alluded to above, we note 
that there are certain dominant tribes in Luzon. In the north 
central region, the part occupied by the Cordillera Central, the 
dominant tribe is Igorot. In only one place does he come down to 
the coast, and that is where the Cordillera itself reaches the coast. 
Next to this tribe, and almost completely hemming it in, are 
the Ilocanos, a rapidly increasing tribe and probably the most virile 
of all the tribes in the Philippines. It occupies the Coastal Plain, 
but has already gained a foothold in the Central Plain. Since the 
opening up of new roads and trails in the mountainous area, he has 
begun to wedge his way into the territory of the Igorot. 
Occupying the “Central Knot” and adjacent mountainous 
country, we find the Ilongots. 
The Negrito has been pushed back into the more or less unknown 
and inaccessible tracts, such as the Zambales and the southern 
Cordilleras. 
Surrounding Manila Bay and extending down into Tayabas, we 
find the Tagalog. It is yet too early to state definitely, but it 
would seem that the Tagalog is becoming more and more restricted. 
The southeastern peninsula is occupied almost exclusively by 
the Bicol, but here again in the almost inaccessible parts are to be 
found the Negritos. 
Around Lingayen Gulf there is a small area occupied by the 
sub-tribe known as Pangasinans. 
A recent writer on ethnological subjects says, that if a Bontoc 
were dressed in the clothes of the Tagalog and the Tagalog (un-) 
dressed like the Bontoc, it would be very difficult to note the 
difference. This is my own opinion about these people and I 
believe that the differences are very superficial. As soon as the 
