48 WARREN D. SMITH 
fessions. Whether the new form of education being introduced 
into the Philippine Islands will regenerate them, remains to be seen. 
It is a notable thing that they occupy only about one-third of the 
Central Plain of Luzon. The Ilocano, Pangasinan, and the Pam- 
pangan are fast crowding them back toward Manila. Some might 
argue that physiographical conditions are responsible for the 
political dominance of the Tagalog. But this connection is only 
an indirect one. The chief Spanish settlement of the Archipelago 
has always been Manila. Of course, Manila’s situation depended 
upon physiographic features, and the Tagalogs happened to be 
where the Spaniards first settled, and in that way they have obtained 
their political pre-eminence, but it has been rather through the 
relationship to the Spaniard, than to the fact that he is living along 
the Pasig River and around Manila Bay. 
The Bicol is a hard-working and very peace-loving individual, 
and is a man of the fields. It is not believed, however, that he will 
materially increase his present range. 
Another tribe which appears to be peculiarly influenced in its 
habitat by physiographic conditions, is the Cagayanese. He is 
confined exclusively to the Cagayan Valley and the Batanes and 
Babyanes Islands directly north of Luzon. 
We also note another feature in connection with the distribution 
of tribes: that the densely forested areas are occupied by the 
Negritos, the forests furnishing additional means of concealment. 
What future changes will take place in the distribution of these 
people can only be conjectured. It is my opinion, that the Tagalog 
will follow new railroads and new highways. The Ilocano will 
probably dominate all of the lowlands, because he is a great rice 
grower. ‘The Bicol will probably remain stationary, and the great 
stretch of country now covered by the Igorot will be criss-crossed by 
the paths of the Ilocano. All through this population will be 
found scattered, the Chinaman, as in all the countries of the Orient. 
He is not a producer, however, but occupies in the Malay world the 
same place as the Jew in the Western World. Outside of the large 
cities, the Chinaman controls the trade. As the government has 
placed severe restrictions upon the Chinaman, he is not now a very 
important factor. He affects the population to a certain extent, 
