VARIATIONS OF GLACIERS 423 
higher levels; and there is every indication of an approaching 
advance. The snow fields are increasing in size and vegetation is 
taking hold on the barren areas below the ends of the glaciers, 
indicating apparently a more moist climate. 
Swedish Alps.—Of the five glaciers reported, all are apparently 
advancing. 
Norwegian Alps.—In Norway a large number of glaciers are 
measured; during the last year the changes have been mixed, some 
advancing and some retreating, but an examination of the lists 
shows that on the whole the changes are distinctly toward an 
advance. 
Africa.—Photographs of Kilimanjaro taken in 1898, 1904, and 
1906 show that the glaciers on this volcano are retreating. <A 
photograph taken in 1gor indicated an increased accumulation of 
snow in the crater, but in spite of this the glaciers are becoming 
smaller. 
REPORT ON THE GLACIERS OF THE UNITED STATES FOR IgI1I* 
The Hallett Glacier shows no measurable change (Mills). 
More snow than usual was found on the Arapahoe Glacier, but 
the end suffered a slight recession (Henderson). 
Eliot Glacier on Mt. Hood continues its retreat (Langille). 
Professor U. S. Grant and Mr. D. F. Higgins have continued 
their descriptions of some Alaskan glaciers.2. Their latest observa- 
tions were in 1909. They found that the Yale Glacier occupied 
about the same position as in 1899; that the Harvard Glacier had 
advanced a quarter to a half-mile, and the Bryn Mawr Glacier about 
500 feet between 1905 and 1909. ‘The position of the Barry Glacier 
is known for 1899, 1905, 1908, 1909; since 1899 it has retreated about 
2 miles, and the rate of retreat seems to be increasing. Between 
1905 and 1909 Toboggan Glacier advanced about 4oo feet and then 
retreated about 650 feet. Many other glaciers were photographed 
tA synopsis of this report will appear in the Seventeenth Annual Report of the 
International Committee. The report on the glaciers of the United States for the 
year IgIo was given in this Journal, XIX, 455-61. 
2“ Glaciers of Prince William Sound, and the Southern Part of the Kenai 
Peninsula, Alaska,’”’ Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc. (1910), XLII, 721-38; (1911) XLIII, 
221-28, 401-17, 721-37. 
