434 MORRIS M. LEIGHTON 
In this middle portion there is a peculiar series of contortions in the 
gravel. Reference to the photograph shows that (2) and (3) are 
two small, almost perfect, synclines of the closed type; (4) is a 
large, elongate body 27 feet long with an accumulation of small 
bowlders and gravel at the east end; (5) is a small elliptical roll 
having a nucleus of gravel with wrappings of till, all of which is 
surrounded by till; (6) marks a protruding compact body of gravel 
that has withstood slope-wash; (7) is a large downward loop 7 feet 
deep; and (8) and (9) appear as stringers projecting from the main 
body of the gravel into the till below. 
At (1) and around the lower part of (7), the gravel, so altered 
that some cobbles can be picked to pieces by the fingers, rests 
against the blue unweathered till, and along the lower contact of 
(4) and around the lenticular body (5), the edge of a knife-blade 
can mark the separation of the oxidized gravel from the much less 
oxidized till. Tull that is scarcely changed lies high in the arches 
between (7) and (8), and between (8) and (9). It is also striking 
that the gravel deep in the cut is as much weathered as that near 
the surface. 
Overlying the gravel is a yellow, blue-streaked till, 2 to 4 feet 
thick across the summit, and attaining a thickness of at least 8 feet 
‘ along the west monoclinal limb. On the western slope of this, be- 
ginning at the point («) and lying in contact with the drift along a 
diagonal line (made clearer by dotting), lies yellow, fossiliferous 
loess which is not contorted but which shows deposition after the 
disturbance of the gravel. This body of loess is in the west end of 
the cut. 
INTERPRETATION 
To account for such folds, rolls, and contortions of Buchanan 
gravel into Kansan till in such a way as Is revealed here, there can 
be but one possible interpretation. The sharp contact of the oxi- 
dized, altered, and rotten bowldery gravel upon unchanged till 
at points (1) and (7), and between (7) and (8), and between (8) and 
(9), and the sharp break below the elongate body (4) and around 
the lens (5) prove that the folding took place after the gravel was 
weathered. If the weathering had taken place since their disturb- 
ance, there should be at least a narrow gradation-zone between 
