other one? Less than 100 yards away. We feel that the research we have done 

 with this introduced range grass cultivator has some significance. We went 

 to work and this is when, as one panel member mentioned, the Bureau of Land 

 Management had a little "free reign". We got a permit to contour furrow 

 520 acres of Land Utilization land to crested wheatgrass. We started at the 

 hilltop (top of drainage), leaving hilltops open, we drop every five feet 

 to run a new grade line. The further off the grade line, we broke the furrow 

 more often. We left waterways and roads open. 



Let's see what else can be done with that. Now there has been some dis- 

 cussion as to whether water or plant fertility contributes the most to the 

 maximum plant production in this area and I would like to point out and I 

 think most everyone can see the area in the center has access to the water 

 on each side in the furrow only. The areas on either side of the picture 

 have access to the f\irrow water as well as the plant nutrition that is rel- 

 eased from the decomposed material that is trapped under the overturned soil. 

 If that is what it is, I don't think we can afford to mess around with un- 

 desirable plants invading this type of range site. 



Here we can see the area in the foreground which has had nothing done 

 to it (undisturbed) and the background has been contoux furrowed. This is 

 after five years. 



Let's take a closer look. Here is the Little Bluestem plants coming 

 in. We have broken up the ecosystem that has been created by crested wheat- 

 grass. You can see the Bluestem starting on the edge of the furrow and 

 going down to the bottom from seed and then in the foreground we have a 

 Plains Muhly Plant that we have noticed a lot of grazing utilization from 

 wildlife. Then as we go further, we see the green shoots in there that are 

 western wheatgrass. This is going back in five years to the native species. 

 Question from audience: Have you grazed in these five years? Answer: We 

 have never deferred this site. Only in a few pastures have we deferred use. 



I show this picture to point out the winterfat plant and the nutalls 

 saltbush plant. Contour furrowing seems to cultivate the desirable native 

 species instead of eliminating any of them. We still have club moss, big 

 sage and prickly pear. 



Now I will show you the fire aspect. The bolt of lightening to the right 



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