3 



Tliis tree is confined to the central regions of the Crimea, forming considerable forests on the western de* 

 clivity of the chain of lofty mountains which extend along tlie coast of the Elaek Sea. It is called Tzaam in 

 the Tartar language, and forms a tree of great size. Its wood is very knotty and resinous, and very durable, 

 according to Professor Pallas ; but difficult to form into good planks on account of its knotty texture. The 

 same distinguished traveller informs us, that the largest beams obtained from it are from 4 to 6 yards in lengtlh 

 The resin of this tree, which is produced in vast quantities, Pallas says '' has a pleasant odour, and is employed 

 in fumigating, like that of the Mountain Pine procured from Moldavia.*' This vahiable tree was first raised in 

 this country about fifteen years ago by Mr. Lee, from seeds communicated to liim by Professor Pallas. Of all 

 Pines this is the one best adapted for thin chalky soils, and maritime situations, and might be successfully 

 employed foz- covering our barren sea downs, which at present produce nothing. A few trees, which I planted 

 at Boyton about twelve years ago, are now thirty feet high, and very luxurious ; although the soil, in which they 

 are, is scarcely two inches thick on a bed of solid chalk. The tree throws out branches almost to the 

 base of the trunk, which extending in a horizontal direction, protect the roots from the scorching rays of the 

 sun in summer, and likewise serve to retain moisture in the soil. The present Duke of Marlborough planted at 

 White Knights, from sixty to seventy young plants of this species, which have now attained considerable size. 

 It is a remarkable fact, that, althougli tlic trees at Boytoii House produce plenty of cones anntially, the seeds 

 have never yet ripened. This species is distinguished from Pinus maritima i)y the much greater size of its cones, 

 which are most frequently curved and grow in twos or threes together, with their scales tubercular and termi- 

 nated each by a small hard spinous point. The leaves of P, Pallasiana are likewise double the length of those 

 of marilima, rigid and much thicker, and the crest of its anthers is twice as broad and more rounded. It also 

 dififers from P. Laricio by its straight and rigid leaves, furnished with a shorter sheath, and by its cones hein; 

 double the size, frequently curved with conical scales ; and lastly, by the spreading and branchy habit of the tree 



itself. The cones of variety p reprpsented in the plat(;s Jire coixstautly stmlght, by which mark it differs from 

 the. variety «, '■< 



'g 



EXPLANATION OF TAB. 1. 



A. 

 B. ' 

 C. 

 D. 



E. E. 



F. F. 

 G. 

 H. 



1 

 J. 



Branch with cones. 



^ r ^ 



Female catkins. 



Young cones. 



Male catkins. 



Scales of tlie female catkin, shewing the stigma. 



Anther surmounted by their appendage or crest. 



Cone. 



Scale of the cone shewing the seeds. 



Leaves with their sheath and stipule-like scale. 



Cones of variety g. 



