24 



1 II K GARDENERS 1 CHRONICLE. 



■»rf I r»m*§. — T»ke advantage of the Aral leisure honr to f Be tore to ha*e f «»od stocky plants for the purpose; n<>t drawn 



br plant* fm bedding out in these «rru-'>irr« , up. wet 



/'if« umd Fr 

 ♦•take 



J»d if are not sufficient stock f some kind*, introduce a 



•jw plan's Into heat to produce cuttings to prcpagatc from.— 



WW, J . •■ . 



III.- FLORISTS" N.OWKRS. 



Directions for the manag. merit of this department of Flora's 

 k>asn i have been gW » va u shapes in almost every work 

 on Fl ore that baa hitherto been published, so that any one 



attimp ; a similar dir icy may very easily he charged wiMi 

 plagiarism, and ac< re-iseuing other Florists' opinions. 



The writer of the accompanying memoranda will not, wever, 

 b« deterred fr- m rc< ig hii < none because they may happen 



to c cide with some other writer"* previously pu «hed. They 

 will be the result of many ye»rs' eiperience, added to observa. 

 Hosts made during the current year. 



Aurvuhii r e great attet Just now. If h alti they 



will with*tan » froat v care mint be taken 



to rem o v< yed leaves, ng them »wnward to av«.i<l 



Wounding the am. l e auriace >uld be kep' rreri, and 



the plants be allowed all the air possible \ bearing in id that 

 drip or too much this season Is their bane. 



Pot kuttw mu«t have all sses of flowers r red as thev 

 show tberoMtlv. *, it good blooms are to be eipected at the proper 

 seas© il exh 



Tulip* ar<- pacp ng. i ver on froery nights with msr* on 

 boo, I across the I If *and »4 put on tbem it must b 



white or Calaisaai m | have known parties who covered with 

 pit sand, im gnated w .. wMdl had a most deleterious 



affect on i. »gc sr wards. 



' possible ; If they sre well csra 



bllshcd, and of a fine g mi hue they re rs but tie a 



tr . compar th those that have been potted late. 



to fram. . ight be put at each corner, r the 



wood work at least ches fi the ground, to sec ue good 



r. latl 



Ritmmculu* bed*, which ongbt Id have been prepared in 

 •" »y hai a dreaalng < -Id cow nu re and decayed 



Issues i hghllj i>. preparatory to planting in I rusry. 



Kjc /' I w i he i ngs haie been raised 



by the frost or worn t be carefully fastened. 



In had weather I t to be made, handglasses in- ed, 



iMden layer pegs straight ed.Can in sticks made, fcc.- W. w 



IV.-FINKKIK-J. vi RIM * c . 



F if the bott at fall* be v m' in the fruitlng-plt, 



It si revived by ng the tan or leaves between I 



pots x i u fork « ig M few . ..f fresh tan. Ira 



stock of leaves have not already bren collected, n i time • old 

 be lost ; w i fa irable weather, they should he c- d 



Into ah rap and as to keep them dry. A supply of 



tan should always in re <>est, s td.-\ lly ki fa 



supply of every ng rr red In res <s, and in a fit state for 

 tts he pla rcrelve less . k at the time of shifting. 



* In • e earliest house , if the principal buds are broken, 



nnr1 < r ft . let the beat by nlghl St*, raising it to ;o° or 



7> i«y day, ami i>y sun- heat to g., - r pt |,» c ,sca where 



Wo i wanting, st Mie shoots on which fn is showing at 

 one it above the fruit. Rub off all useless shoots as ey 

 appear P r o c e ed gently wit . the Vine* Just breaking;, taking 

 care no ■ let the he.. ed 3 .> night, until all the principal 



buds are broken, IDd keep the shoots always moist. 



&* ■' •**■-■■ i the time the blossoms begin to expand, 



av syringing till the fruit i ct. Daring the time the trees 

 * r ' »'n a steady heat of 57° by night, and admit 



fresh air .very day if tho weather will admit il If the son 

 raises the thermometer as high ss 75° with the sashes or vend- 

 lators open, it will assist the > g of the fruit. 



Fig horn*, w la a good time to commence forcing the Figs, 

 as they continue hearing from the end of May till S t.-mber or 

 otoberi begin wrli a temperature of from 45° to So by 

 wuh a i st atmosphere. 



' r «" Besides t -e rc« mended to be pi in a 



f ing.pit last week, it will b c well to take so into a I 



Peach- house, and place them on the shelves or on the 

 r H '"• oiuc on to succeed those already in the 



pit. when the latter arc removed to swell off their . p on tho 

 shelves Of the Vinery.- 



V.-IIARDY PEUIT AND KITCHEN f.AKDKN. 

 Ftgi Bbonld I . if not already done. The method 



n :rncra!ly pra ! >lc Is to unnail the tr i, th «ely 



together, wind a S straw among the branches, and er 

 neatly with mats. Pruning and nailing may be proceeded with 

 ■> ' w f - except in the ease of Peaches and Apricots. 



Irrrs.— Regulate t r heads and remove kcrs. 



P»mcmd Beant- nl forward crops from s'ugs, by qalck 



lime and coal-ashes, oi la boy to strew tender h aves oi < ab- 



Di| K nV '"J. ; to examine them every morning. Pro- 



tect Intent cr mn e, by sowing chopped Fu.ze along 



w m. The awns or chaff of Harley are rul for the same 



pur 



Kndire ani Ck icwrjf .—The former may bc blanched, and the 

 latter ; D and blanched beau lly. in any dark place com. 

 man- ; a temperature of from 50 to 55 . 



/ -Be getting ready some fermenting materials for 



ding the its or boxes. We have had > o.mg 



one nc tim- ined from old tuber*, placed in alternate 



layers with earth in u ed, in the end of August. 



Mtuhmnm lied* .-The principal things l guarded against 



(especially wit door beds, are tuo much heat and too much 



wit. \\ eacoutsnt supply all the year is war. aseiiesof 

 •N* h s - r f t each other, will answer the pur- 



P»se b, r than one or two large ones. Horse droppings mixed 

 wi a good quantity of litter answer best for shelve . bul n 



manyaier* It will not do tobtfsjry particular in choosing 



the material, d it is capable of producing a mild heat 



but we most regulate future ( rations according to the mat. 

 rial. We will again adv. to this suhject. 



Aspumgut. SmMaU, « Rhu6<irf>.—st that beds producing do 

 not get too hot at er the late Host. - Ji. F. 



VI. -ARBORICULTURE 



Oil lluodM.— Continue the felling of trees not required for the 

 bark. \Mien Oak timber is required to endure tor "ages to 

 come it is oubtedly best to fell it in winter with the bark 

 on, and b e trees be^in naturally to decay Resin us 



trees, for durability, should be felled just before the buds and 

 leaves expand, when the sap is in motion. Fill up vacant spaces 

 with young plants suitable to the soil, locality, and demand. 

 Take great care to preserve any maiden plants of proper kinds 

 Springing up naturally, and let them be properly trained 



C« f ce.-Proceedv C u ig the undergrowth and poles, for 

 the uses specified last week, and guard agah a vigorous after- 

 growth^ Contu. to clean out and make fresh drains where 

 required ; also, clean out old water-conges, , n d fill up op 

 spaces with young plants suitable to the soil. 1. y, £ 



demand f.r the or. due.- keep this circumstance alwa in view 

 when pla. for Coppice. The Prtmns padus, Bod I rry, or 



Hagberry ol tl of Ingland, is an excellent < ,„ lC c-w 



^r all th. the Hate I am surpri It is n 



rated in the midland and southern counties. Defer pla ,nr In 

 wet coppice till March or April. P»nung in 



Young Plantation*.- Continue here the directions given last 

 week. In thinning young plantations, where t;,. , have be. 

 planted promi-ruousiy th various kinds of trees, leave them in 

 irregular groups, or in either large or small, according I 



the extent oi the \ I ations, each kind by themselves, as it w 



be seen about this time which plams thrive best in the different 

 parts. 



Hedge rows.— Continue to plant young trees, and take care of 

 those that have sprung up naturally there, as directed last week. 



weak ones, out of the int. r of close woods and crowded 

 nurseries, but with plenty of side- branches to balance them. 



Avoid pUn'ing A»h arable land. 



Num-ni Work.—iio on with the work specified last week, and 

 in pre* ng seeds for sowing, and plants for planting out in 

 rows for iutuie use ; get some of the llagborry or Bird Cherry, if 

 you es « easily raised by cuttings or layers, as well as 



seed ^ ; it likes moist ground. It is not on valuable as a Cop. 

 pice- woo*', but very ornamental I hedges of woods. I am 

 »' gly of nlon < a very valuable hard wood when it arrives 

 at a good size, but my experience is not sufficient to .'peak with 

 confidence to its quality as timber.s— IC. B. 



VII.-COTT ERS* HARDENS. 

 At this seaso when there i^ little to bc done in the way of 



C: ,dng, ever \ thing around the c .ttage should be made clean 

 and neat ; allvege refu-;c may be collected ii t ■■ aheap, tor 



e— n id should be lost. Vacant ground, if 



sny. may be turned u ; » rough, to be fully exposed to the action 

 of the weather : this is especially necessary for strong soils, in 

 order that the frost may separate their parts and render them more 

 friable. Win inure is a, cd, a little at a time, and as often 



as an opp< r and the nature of the crops will allow, is better 



than when the g .nd is over-Jo.ided with dun.-. 



Vrgeti «.— If a - >f Hi as and licans have not yet been 



ade.no times* Id b getting tl .iuw.il ? weather 



tim favourable. 

 Fruit.— Cot ue -rune any fruit-trees if n n:ie last week, 



taking cire, however, to k< on short am tber- 



wise fi ey soon become long and give the tices an unsightly ap- 

 pearance. 



Ft v.— Remove every ! j; unsightly from the fl >wcr. plot. 

 Ni I ng looks w e than t -e decayed stems of plants stand- 

 gat this season, as Is too • en the case. Bulbs, if any. that 



have made t r a) srai.ee ah ground, should 



m lb« event of fr f weather, hut BOl unless, as this has a 



tendency to make them weak and tender.— Mc. H. 



Suu of th« \vm 



rr n#*r 



nHiiO forihr irerk rn.l 



liW Jnn 11. 1844. »• 





Oww«rv«d u« 



H «tn f thiawi 

 run. Tnkrndn prntK, 





Im 1 



M t 



IS *n.»] 



Wlad. i Rain. 



M*%, 



Al i* 



M«x- 



Mm. 



,M on. 



i. 







SS-3SV 







44 



40.0 s.W. 



40 



M*t. 



M 



ss.arr 





5S 



u 



44 



H.W 





Sim. 



17 



m«M 



S 



*» 



85 



88.5 



N.W. 





M m. • 



IM 



^am m % AA 

 l 



I 



41 



3» 



80.5 



N. 





I u.-s t; 



10 



sosss 



*■ 



40 



33 



3S.5 



S K. 



.08 



Wr |. 



>- 



»l 



w 



48 



.10 



800 



N. 



.01 



iura. i 



KI 



aosss 



•H 



4« 



30 



88.0 



40.8 



S.W. 



.„ 



T»H» 





» »v» 



1 474 1 



XI s 





Jnn 5 «» lit; Hvnfcdark 



Ib m'& th .were; heavy rain at night. 

 0. Ml and finr tl irhovt; dy, 



7- i -ar an«l | dear and trntty at ni^ht. 



», ' -^r an4 Ircwty , hue with duvky while cloud* j densely cl ude4 at 

 n rfhi 



P. Thick h^t« ndy. cold and dryj orarra»t ; small hall: rain. 



10. Kala early A M. t haxy and diiz/iy; exceeduiKly fine, with itin ; over- 



«t- 



lie Rli«hily oven-^it and damp; fine ; h.wy cloud* ; orercait. 

 ■Mean temperatur the week .VH" above the a\ crags. 



Stats of ths Weather a( Chiswick during the last 18 years, for the ensuing 



Week end in if January to, 1041. 



^Jan. 



n, 1 1 

 M«>n. 



i es. Id 



•Ved. 17 

 * irs.10 



Kri. 10 



Sat. 



Aver. 

 Highest 



1 rmp. 

 i 



.T»8 



41 



41.3 



.5 



80.1 



Aver. 

 1 est 

 Temp. 



M.0 

 IDS 



SO. I 

 80 1 



90 

 M.O 



Mean 

 Ttinp 



No. of 



Years in 

 which it 



Kalne 



35.1 



tea 



<M.O 



n- r 



S4.8 







7 

 10 





 9 

 I 

 5 



Greatest 



Prevailing \V inris. 



'piantilv 

 • >r Rain. *'. 



a 



2 



Th. hiKh.st I. 



il^..^. .i».-.Tv rl ; ,'lhe.bov.p.ri. : <»n ihV lOlh, 1884— 



SOih, 1838— therm ri( hcl»w »«ro. 



Notice* to Correspondent*. 



Ma. PAXTOM 'TTAGER'S CALENDAR.-At the earnest 



soliciratP.n ot many of our Subscribers, we have determined on 

 again reprinting Mr I»axton'i " Cottager's Calendar," in the form 

 of a small volume, fur general distribution, price 3d. each copv. 

 It may bc ordered of all booksellers. Gentlemen wishing to rfiJ- 

 tnhu .p,rx am^nr their cottage tenantry, mav have them deli- 



J? «" "'"' / l'"' t "f L '" l,{ '> n > l 'J remittiag' a post-office order to 

 tujs othce, at the rate of 5s. for cverv 25 copies. 



Communications from the following Coanaspoiroaitrt are in 



type, and arc only waiting till mom can be found for them — 



J - l J - > r **> J- WigkUm. C. G. Thompson, A Prac- 



tical Man, P. Mackenzie, Totty. 



Books.-.*. Z.— You will not get any good periodical on Gar- 

 dening gen- rally, with coloured plates, which costs less than 



2.i. a month A. Subscriber.— Theri is no book on the 



diseases of plants. Wc shall try to supply the deficiency. 

 ii.ckoi.a:uas.— J. Jl.— When yoa mention clay in the cent 

 your j » and that you have kept your plants dry, yon fully 

 explain the history of your misfortune. There is a good 

 paper on the management of Calceolarias at p. 341, vol isil 



VZ^e^T^^ ^'-^ , the Spotti " ff a,ltl yellowness of 

 jour leaves, which nevertheless are very health v are nwinv 



to the action of st ,g light collected in a f„cu . by'som, S 



SSJSH ° * ]HS * U \ yam TOO( - The ******* found in 

 leaves otherv i, D My (nv ; M: , t0 a coh , Wt . t b 



CACTvaarac.osissisiva.--^ ifteerseer^Tlie eanse of y oar Cac- 



tns becnming discoloured ami cankered, is, no doubt;owlnVto 



^L n rfhn^' h C ° ,d ?. nd (1 imp ' as the P ,int has been kept in 



» gr. where the temperature varies from 40° to so" 



and .where plenty of air has been ad mi ted , the damp, ess very* 

 probably arises from the atm here, the plants being othS 

 wi,e kept almost dry. The ,ot at 'all infectious the 



health nta likewise becoming infected .^ l '°"s,uie 



result of the same cause. The fact of the dis 



Ca 



centre of 



most healthy branches is perfectly con nt, as tl cv belie 

 %Z **2 *"»*** ^ dl "i ^ •*» Vrom'darn^e 



no doubt, is the 

 isease attacking the 



I 

 dan 



I!^r*' C{i Parti ma> ' cut °ff.»"rt ^e P^nt should bO 

 placed in a warmer situ in. To make the plant bloom freely 



i^8^^S8^?^«« March ir April, "icntUe 



^&li:tt^» 5n our opinion, so 



CuavsANTHKMirMs.-^ Wnterford Subscr ib->; -The kinds to 

 select to «ves,c,l from are the semi-double varieties thev 

 should bc kept in a cry place, and have their heads preserved 

 from damp. So much having been advanced nl r 1 

 resp. mgroo, run ; in fl Tm9t isjJSJtmw \mtSS 

 at pns:i t to resume the subject * unwilling 



about the latter end of February or beginning of Mare 

 is sown sooner without the aid of a greenhouse the %«IL5 

 plants would be likely to damp off. j ta ma ' ^ y ®jH 



pans filii'd with light sandy loam ; U vou have a rrnMehofJ! 

 they might be placed on it; but they should be removM 

 soon as the seeds begin to germinate, as Fuchsias are r*»k 

 impatient of artificial heat. J f*i&e? 



Gkkkvuousk Punts.- G. F. — Probably your plants are fi 

 drained; examine the pots and see to the crocks. ProbaS. 



the house is too damp, and wants ventilation. Kill the er* 

 fly with gas- water as directed at p. 449 if they are hardwoodST" 

 or with tobacco-smoke if so t plants. The smoke of turf wti 

 do no harm, hut it is better excluded from your greenhoaaes 

 Hkati c.-Lwrf.i.-A< your tenancy is short, it is not worth wlti- 

 to build brick pits; and, as a make-shift, you bad better hi 

 satisfied with a common hot-bed. M. 0. Zl.-We sep imtK, 



to object to in your plan; but it is unnecessary to provide an* 

 me .ns of giving a hotbed dry beat, because it is never requi 



an 



rosj 



U IHi ; SH-S 



MIT-TRKKS.-J S M A,er,^r.-Vour ArSh- .1... .-_ 



very well 



i^ 



Fa 



been 



our Apricot- trees, that have 



been planted 10 or II rear, will h- ^,l^,,Vi• tnac D * 



a 



en with chopped turf {\f such 



g »he border, mixing 



=i^EE HW^ar^waB- 



top-dreasiug of lime will tend to prevent mildew o 



rucHsiA-SKBD.-.l Reader, .V.-You may sow vour 



w, often the most 



vourFuckiia-seed 



e see uothuw 

 — 'Tid 



unless you are going to gro-v bulbs ot some sort in it J^j 

 Friend. — We like your plan, and will have it engraved. It u 

 always difficult to find a good boiler for a very little work 

 Perhaps a very nice boiler, by Buibidge and Healy, with an 

 evaporating t'>;>, would be the best and cheapest under 

 circumstances. We should be tempted to try it. 



Ins B< t-,. — G. S. T.— The Coccus Vitis only affects the stem and 

 brauc of the Vine, and it may be eradicated by stripping off 

 and burning the old bark in the winter, and washing the 

 denuded parts with soap and water, or perhaps lime and water- 

 but if the tortoise-bug give an unsightly appearance to the 

 leaves and fruit, we conclude it must be a species with which 

 we are unacquainted, and will thank our Correspondent to 

 transmit some, per post, in a pill-box, together with «n 

 injured leaf or two, directed to Mr. Curtis. R. 



1-AuciiKs.— J. wishes to plant a small belt on a light poor soil on a 

 chalky bottom— would Mr. Prideaux Selby recommend Larch 

 or Beech as most likely to grow up quickly and repay itself? 



I.kmovs.— O. /•". — Take your Lemons out of their tubs, shake off 

 all the old :1, and repot them in coarse turfy loam, mixed with 

 one-third charcoal, steeped in guano-wati r, or strong liquid 

 manure of some sort. Give them plenty of pot-room, cut 

 them in, start them in a good bottom-heat if you can, and 

 they will soon lose their yellow looks. Manure cannot do 

 them any good till they begin to grow. 



MisiiuooMs.— Vide Calendar, Jan. 20 of the present year. 



Na.mbb Of Fbuit.— R. /'.—Vour Pear is the Beurre Ranee. | 



N a bibs of Plants.— T. (;., C/itheroe.— The seeds appear to belong 



to some Asclepiadaceous plant. J. /,. S.— As your specimen 



i t in flower, it is hard to say whether it is Aristes pusiha 



ornot; it probably is A.-Flcmingia strobilifera. J.M.K. 



— Scolopendrium officinal urn ; not Kennedya at all; uncertain 

 what. A. M.— Barleria fiava. 



Pkas.— J. J'. S. — Your Peas may be protected in the event of 

 frosty weather with Spruce I ranches. ; 



Pki.aruomu.ms.— Jonathan.— Your young plants of Pelargo- 

 niiims in a pit, that are in a growing state and forming flower- 

 buds may be shifted now ; they should not, however, be allowed 

 to bi ne too luxuriant at this season, or thev will not stand 

 covering in case of frost. The foliage should be kept as dry as 

 possible, and everything avoided that would tend to create 

 dampness. t 



Pinks.— PhU >s.— Your plants ought to have a bottom-heat of 

 from 80° to Hi \ with a top-heat in proportion, when fruiting. 

 Read Mr. Glendinning's Treatise. 



Portable Hot.bbd.— O. B'.— This is not made in England, bat 

 may be had through the Paris Nurserymen. The account was 

 taker, from the " Revue Horticole." 

 Potatoes.— 1. A'.— A good mealy Potato is the " Bread -fruit." 

 A light rich soil will suit it best. The usual practice of placing 

 the set upon the dung and then covering it in digging, pro- 

 duces the largest, but not the best-flavoured, Potatoes; they 

 will be found drier and more floury if the dung is thoroughly 

 mixed with the soil in digging, and the set simply planted in 

 the furrow. A larger quantity of dung should, however, be 

 put nearer the place which the row is to occupy than over the 

 rest of the ground. The sets may be placed about nine inches 

 apart In the row ; the rows should be 20 inches distant, and 

 the depth of the sets about seven inches, t 

 Rhoooi>i:ni>ro.vs, Moss Roms Azai.kas, &c— W, R.— Yoa 

 may easily have these in flower by the end of March, butmuch 

 depends upon the means you use for forcing such plants ; whe- 

 ther yon use bottom-heat and a high temperature at top, or 

 merely keep them in a warm greenhouse; about a month 

 (at that season) will be about the time required to bring them 

 into bloom. But you must remember that the slower yoa 

 force such plants the better ; they are particularly apt to flower 

 when first put into the forcing-house. % 

 Roses.— S. IF.— Subscription received. Answer next week. 

 Smi..- Leeds.— The black mould from the heart of old trees would 

 not be injurious to plants, but its advantage to them is uncer- 

 tain : its action is something like that of finely-silted peat. 

 Su«jar-c.*vk. — Jf. D.— There is no book such as you require, on 

 the cultivation of the Sugar cane. It must be remembered 

 that Sugar is orly one of the substances formed by the Cane, 

 and the quantity which is formed will depend on the general 

 health and vigour of the plant. When the Canes are manured 

 you supply them with what is required by them, in the forma- 

 tion of several other substances besides sugai, and conse- 

 quently increase the vigour of the plants. The ammonia and 

 earthy phosphates in guano are useful to all crops when applied 

 In proper proportions, particularly on poor soils ; they 

 render the plants more vigorous, and consequently increase 

 the formation of gum. BQgar, starch, gluten, etc. E. 

 Tank-hkating.— Amateur.— We think we have not expressed 

 any positive opinion that brick and cement tanks would prove 

 too damp for gi diouse- ; we have only said that we fear 

 they may prove so. It the body of the tank were sunk so low 

 that the top, which is covered with slate or flags, is just level 

 with the floor of the greenhouse, the liability to dampness 

 (which chiefly peuctiates through the sides) would, no doubt, 

 be diminished ; but then the tank would not give out the same 

 heat to the bouse as if the sides were raised a foot or so above 

 the level of the floor, as is usually the ease : a great part of the 

 heat that radiates from the sides would be absorbed by the 

 floor. It is true, that in tanks the hottest current of water 

 alwa Boats to the top, and no doubt, therefore, the greater 

 portion of heat escapes from the surface of the covering of the 

 tank; nevertheless, by degrees, the water all becomes warm, 

 and then heat will pass through the sides. 

 Miscellaneous.— J. J— If you will send us a specimen of the 

 substance yon call the Star-shot we will endeavour io tell you 



what it is. Men 1 or.— To comply with vour suggestion would 



be to extend these notices to a most inconvenient length ; we 

 often, indeed, fear already that our readers are weary of them. 

 Besides it would not be worth while, except in special cases, 

 and then we do it as part of our system, if we can find room. 

 The same reason, namely, the inconvenience of letting them 

 occupy more space, prevents our putting them in larger type. 

 — — Rurirtila,— The canker in Cucumbers is produced by cold 

 either at the bottom or top, or both. Mildew is owing to 

 sudden chills and a low temperature. The most useful green- 

 fleshed Mi ' is the Beechwood. For the manner ut dealing 



with Thrips, see p. 6iQ, 1843. Jas. Drummond.—W'e should 



be glad to receive the notices you speak of ; and perhaps the 



matter already printed may be used again. R P.— We find 



nothing in your paper of importance enough to publish it. 

 - — Zeta.— The lust edition of Dr. Lindley's "Theory of Hor- 

 ticulture" was published in 1840. A. L. — Don't you know 



the huskfl of Maize when you see them? thev are what form 

 the packing of the Orange chests opened in Covent Gnrden 

 Market. 



*** As usual many communications have been received too 

 late for answering this week. 



